Immunotherapy in Elderly Patients: A Review

[LANGUAGE= "English"] Introduction Age is a major cancer risk factor, and it is associated with poor prognosis [1-2]. The exciting revolution of development of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) in Oncology raises high expectations for our elder patients. Indeed, ICIs have been approved f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Eurasian journal of medicine and oncology 2022-01, Vol.6 (4), p.271
Main Author: colombo, alfredo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Breast cancer
Clinical trials
Colorectal cancer
Drugs
Gastric cancer
Immune system
Immunotherapy
Kidney cancer
Liver cancer
Lung cancer
Lymphoma
Melanoma
Older people
Oncology
Ovarian cancer
Toxicity
Tumors
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Summary:[LANGUAGE= "English"] Introduction Age is a major cancer risk factor, and it is associated with poor prognosis [1-2]. The exciting revolution of development of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) in Oncology raises high expectations for our elder patients. Indeed, ICIs have been approved for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell cancer and others type of malignancy [3-8]. Immunotherapy has encountered great results in the treatment of cancer, as in lung cancer where an ORR of 15% [9] was obtained, in urothelial tumors (ORR 25%) [10], in HNCs (ORR 20%) [11,12], gastric cancer (ORR 20%) [13], hepatocellular carcinoma (ORR 20%) [14], ovarian cancer (15 %) [15,16], triple negative breast cancer (ORR 20%) [17], mismatch deficient repair colon cancer (ORR 60%) [18], and Hodgkin lymphoma (ORR 65-80%) [19,20], with new indications in progress in different districts. Moreover, ICIs monotherapy obtained an excellent toxicity profile. Half of the patients diagnosed with neoplasia have an average age above 65 years and thanks to the good toxicity profile of immunotherapy this becomes a good option in curing elderly patients [21]. But the full efficacy and toxicity of these drugs are still widely unknown and unfortunately in randomized clinical trials, the percentage of elderly patients included is very low. Furthermore, comorbiditiy and the aging of the immune system can affect the efficacy and tolerability of these drugs. In this review, we will consider the efficacy of ICIs in the elderly population and evaluate toxicities and its management. Metods We have carried out a careful search of the full papers on PubMed (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/, accessed on 30 June 2022) starting from 2017, inserting as
ISSN:2587-196X
2587-2400
2587-196X
DOI:10.14744/ejmo.2022.50386