Radiation Damage in 20-cm Long LYSO:Ce and BaF₂:Y Crystals

• Published in: IEEE transactions on nuclear science 2024-09, Vol.71 (9), p.2116-2123
• Main Authors: Wang, Christina, Zhang, Liyuan, Hu, Chen, Zhu, Ren-Yuan, Gunthoti, Kranti, Mocko, Michael, Wender, Steve, Wang, Zhehui
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aluminum; Barium; Barium fluoride; Barium fluorides; Cerium; color center; Crystals; Current measurement; Hadrons; Ionization; Large Hadron Collider; Luminosity; Lutetium; LYSO; Optical properties; Particle beams; proton; Proton beams; Protons; Radiation damage; Scintillation; Scintillation counters; Scintillators; Solenoids; Uncertainty; Yttrium
• ISSN: 0018-9499; 1558-1578
• DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2024.3434441

Inorganic scintillators are widely used in high-energy physics (HEP) experiments. Bright and fast cerium-doped lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate ( \text {Lu}_{2(1-x)}\text {Y}_{2x}\text {SiO}_{{5}}\text {:Ce} or LYSO:Ce or LYSO) crystals are being used to construct the compact muon solenoid (CMS) barrel timing layer (BTL) detector at the high-luminosity large hadron collider (HL-LHC), where up to 2.5-Mrad ionization dose, 1.7 \times 10^{13} charged hadrons/cm2, and 2 \times 10^{14}~\text {n}_{\text {eq}}/\text {cm}^{2} are expected. With an ultrafast scintillation of less than 0.6- ns decay time and a suppressed slow component, yttrium-doped barium fluoride (BaF2:Y) crystal is a promising ultrafast inorganic scintillator for future HEP time of flight and calorimeter applications at the energy and intensity frontiers. The 20-cm-long LYSO:Ce and BaF2:Y crystals were irradiated by 800-MeV proton beam at the blue room of Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) up to 7.5 \times 10^{15} p/cm2. We report on the degradation of their optical and scintillation properties.