Latitudinal Dependence of Variations in the Frequencies of Solar Oscillations Above the Acoustic Cut-Off

• Published in: Solar physics 2024-09, Vol.299 (9), p.134, Article 134
• Main Authors: Millson, Laura Jade, Broomhall, Anne-Marie, Mehta, Tishtrya
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acoustics; Astronomy; Astrophysics and Astroparticles; Atmospheric Sciences; Correlation; Cross correlation; Frequency variation; Observations and Techniques; Periodic variations; Periodicities; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Proxies; Solar cycle; Solar magnetic activity; Solar maximum; Solar oscillations; Solar physics; Solar power; Space Exploration and Astronautics; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics; Sun; Time series; Wavelet analysis
• ISSN: 0038-0938; 1573-093X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11207-024-02369-w

At high frequencies beyond the acoustic cut-off, a peak-like structure is visible in the solar power spectrum. Known as the pseudo-modes, their frequencies have been shown to vary in anti-phase with solar magnetic activity. In this work, we determined temporal variations in these frequencies across the solar disc, with the aim of identifying any potential latitudinal dependence of pseudo-mode frequency shifts. We utilised nearly 22 years of spatially resolved GONG data for all azimuthal orders, m , for harmonic degrees 0 ≤ l ≤ 200 , and determined shifts using the resampled periodogram method. Periodogram realisations were created from overlapping, successive 216 day-long segments in time, and cropped to 5600 – 6800 μHz. Cross-correlation functions were then repeatedly generated between these realisations to identify any variation in frequency and the uncertainty. We categorised each mode by its latitudinal sensitivity and used this categorisation to produce average frequency shifts for different latitude bands (15 ∘ and 5 ∘ in size) which were compared to magnetic proxies, the F 10.7 index and GONG synoptic maps. Morphological differences in the pseudo-mode shifts between different latitudes were found, which were most pronounced during the rise to solar maximum where shifts reach their minimum values. At all latitudes, shift behaviour was strongly in anti-correlation with the activity proxy. Additionally, periodicities shorter than the 11-year cycle were observed. Wavelet analysis was used to identify a periodicity of four years at all latitudes.