Biosynthesis of Gelatin-Coated Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites from Coccinia indica Extract and its Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Anticancer and Wound Healing Properties

• Published in: BioNanoScience 2024-09, Vol.14 (3), p.2993-3010
• Main Authors: Senthilkumar, Kottaisamy, Rajkumar, Manickam, Vimala, Karuppaiya, Thangaraj, Ramasundaram, Kannan, Soundarapandian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption spectra; Anticancer properties; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antioxidants; Antitumor activity; Assaying; Bacteria; Biological and Medical Physics; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Biophysics; Biosynthesis; Cancer; Chemical synthesis; Circuits and Systems; Coccinia indica; Engineering; Functional groups; Gelatin; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Nanocomposites; Nanotechnology; Physical properties; Scavenging; Wound healing; Zeta potential; Zinc oxide; Zinc oxides
• ISSN: 2191-1630; 2191-1649
• DOI: 10.1007/s12668-024-01574-y

This present study deals with the synthesis of gelatin-loaded zinc oxide nanocomposites (GN/ZnONCs) using Coccinia indica seed extract using the green preparative method. Synthesized GN/ZnONCs were confirmed by using various characterization techniques for chemical and physical properties. The results of the UV–Vis spectral absorption peak showed 235 nm, and the FTIR study confirmed the presence of various functional groups. The XRD study illustrated the crystalline structure of GN/ZnONCs. The DLS measurement indicated a stable size of 82.11 nm, with a zeta potential value demonstrating high stability at -20 mV. SEM images displayed the morphology of cauliflower-like spherical shapes and revealed their average particle size, respectively. The 100 µg/mL concentration of GN/ZnONCs exhibited higher antibacterial efficiencies against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Subsequently, the GN/ZnONCs also exhibited excellent antioxidant properties in the DPPH assay (92.61 ± 2.45%), the ABTS assay (76.35 ± 1.54%), and the hydroxyl scavenging assay (88.42 ± 1.73%) at 100 μg/ml concentration. In addition, GN/ZnONCs treatment on the cancer cell line HT-29 showed good anticancer activity with an IC 50 value of 45.4 μg/mL. Furthermore, wound healing experiments with enriched GN/ZnONCs with the highest contraction of 98.37 ± 1.45 confirmed faster wound healing and a greater role in the formation of new tissues and cells. The study indicates that green synthesized GN/ZnONCs had anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, and wound healing properties that were also eco-friendly and cost-effective, and the possible mechanisms were illustrated for biomedical applications.