Blind and robust reconstruction of adaptive optics point spread functions for asteroid deconvolution and moon detection

Initially designed to detect and characterize exoplanets, extreme adaptive optics systems (AO) open a new window on the solar system by resolving its small bodies. Nonetheless, despite the always increasing performances of AO systems, the correction is not perfect, degrading their image and producin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2024-10
Main Authors: Berdeu, Anthony, Soulez, Férréol, Minker, Kate, Carry, Benoit, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Kaszczyc, Antoine, Langlois, Maud
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive optics
Adaptive systems
Algorithms
Asteroid detection
Asteroids
Cosmic rays
Data analysis
Extrasolar moons
Extrasolar planets
Image degradation
Image reconstruction
Moon
Parameter estimation
Planet detection
Point spread functions
Robustness
Solar system
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Summary:Initially designed to detect and characterize exoplanets, extreme adaptive optics systems (AO) open a new window on the solar system by resolving its small bodies. Nonetheless, despite the always increasing performances of AO systems, the correction is not perfect, degrading their image and producing a bright halo that can hide faint and close moons. Using a reference point spread function (PSF) is not always sufficient due to the random nature of the turbulence. In this work, we present our method to overcome this limitation. It blindly reconstructs the AO-PSF directly in the data of interest, without any prior on the instrument nor the asteroid's shape. This is done by first estimating the PSF core parameters under the assumption of a sharp-edge and flat object, allowing the image of the main body to be deconvolved. Then, the PSF faint extensions are reconstructed with a robust penalization optimization, discarding outliers on-the-fly such as cosmic rays, defective pixels and moons. This allows to properly model and remove the asteroid's halo. Finally, moons can be detected in the residuals, using the reconstructed PSF and the knowledge of the outliers learned with the robust method. We show that our method can be easily applied to different instruments (VLT/SPHERE, Keck/NIRC2), efficiently retrieving the features of AO-PSFs. Compared with state-of-the-art moon enhancement algorithms, moon signal is greatly improved and our robust detection method manages to discriminate faint moons from outliers.
ISSN:2331-8422
DOI:10.48550/arxiv.2410.08585