Thermal stability of flexible polyurethane foams obtained from reactive phosphorus-containing polyols dispersed in polyethylene glycol

Flame-retardant and flexibility-enhanced phosphorus-polyurethane foams (P-PUF)s were prepared from phosphorus–hydroxyl precursors and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as polyols. In the first step, three different precursors, such as tris-(5-hydroxypentyl) phosphate (P-Pen-OHs), tris-(4-hydroxybutyl) phosp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Iranian polymer journal 2024-12, Vol.33 (12), p.1701-1711
Main Authors: Kanemoto, Stanley Olivier, Onana, Pierre Christelle Mvondo, Cheumani, Arnaud Maxime Yona, Ndikontar, Maurice Kor, Lakshmi, Madurai Suguna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Compressive properties
Compressive strength
Diisocyanates
Flame retardants
Flexibility
Glass
Natural Materials
Original Research
Phosphorus
Plastic foam
Polyethylene glycol
Polymer Sciences
Polyols
Polyurethane foam
Precursors
Specific gravity
Thermal degradation
Thermal stability
Toluene
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Summary:Flame-retardant and flexibility-enhanced phosphorus-polyurethane foams (P-PUF)s were prepared from phosphorus–hydroxyl precursors and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as polyols. In the first step, three different precursors, such as tris-(5-hydroxypentyl) phosphate (P-Pen-OHs), tris-(4-hydroxybutyl) phosphate (P-But-OHs), and tris-(3-hydroxypropyl) phosphate (P-Pro-OHs) were synthesized and used as flame retardants. In the second step, the precursors were made to react with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate to modify the flexibility and flame retardancy properties of the P-PUF product. The P-PUFs were obtained by a one-shot process system and then analyzed for their thermal stability, flame retardancy, and compressive strength properties. Among all P-PUF samples, P-But-PUF showed the best compressive properties with a Young’s modulus value of 0.167 MPa. The compressive properties of P-PUF are found to be proportional to their relative density. These results show that the chemical structure of the phosphorus–hydroxyl precursor had a slight effect on the compressive properties as well as the porosity of the final materials. All the foams had T g values in the range of 58–70 ℃ and their thermal degradation in a nitrogen atmosphere started around 100 ℃. From the limiting oxygen index test, P-PUF samples are considered marginally stable materials with a slow-burning behavior that confirms the efficiency of reactive phosphorus-based flame retardants. Graphic abstract
ISSN:1026-1265
1735-5265
DOI:10.1007/s13726-024-01351-4