Full-field dynamic response of low-velocity impact on an elastic plate using 3D digital image correlation

• Published in: Journal of vibration and control 2024-10, Vol.30 (19-20), p.4383-4394
• Main Authors: Wang, Jianyao, Liu, Zhuyong, Wang, Hongdong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Digital imaging; Dynamic response; Elastic deformation; Elastic plates; Elastic waves; Flexible bodies; Frequency response; Gauges; Lasers; Polyvinyl chloride; Propagation; Propagation velocity; Spatial resolution; Strain gauges; Velocity; Wave propagation
• ISSN: 1077-5463; 1741-2986
• DOI: 10.1177/10775463231209539

Measurement of the impact process is challenging due to its short duration and high frequency response. Due to the very small strain in low-velocity impacts, the requirements for the temporal and spatial resolution of test methods are extremely high. Traditionally, strain gauges or lasers are commonly used to measure the dynamic response of a single point, or quasi-static loading is used to achieve full-field response. To finely describe the transient full-field deformation process of low-velocity impacts, a high-speed imaging system combined with 3D digital image correlation (DIC) technique is set up to investigate the instantaneous responses of impact on a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plate at the ms and με level. The full-field deformation of the contact surface and the whole process of elastic wave propagation are measured. The measurement by DIC closely matches the measurement by strain gauges and agrees well with the numerical simulation results. The measurement reveals that the “multi-micro-impacts” phenomenon may happen during a complete impact process due to the complex strain wave propagation. This work provides a benchmark case for low-velocity impact full-field testing, and the results show that 3D DIC can accurately evaluate dynamic behaviors of low-velocity impact between flexible bodies and can accurately describe the spatiotemporal propagation characteristics of strain waves.