Changes in Water Quality and Soil Property in the Rice–Freshwater Animal Co-Culturing System

This study investigated the effects of integrating various fish species in a rice field co-culture system on water quality and soil properties. The species included common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), snakeskin gourami (Trichopodu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water (Basel) 2024-10, Vol.16 (20), p.2890
Main Authors: Kaewpuangdee, Phaiboon, Saowakoon, Samnao, Kasamawut, Krittima, Kruapukdee, Ajcharawadee, Jutagate, Achara, Jutagate, Tuantong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Animals
Biodiversity
Carp
Climate change
Experiments
Farmers
Fertilizers
Fish
Food security
Pesticides
R&D
Research & development
Rice
Soil fertility
Sustainable development
Water quality
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Summary:This study investigated the effects of integrating various fish species in a rice field co-culture system on water quality and soil properties. The species included common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis), and giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The key water quality parameters measured included water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency, ammonia, and nitrite. Soil properties were evaluated through pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. All the selected aquatic animals showed high adaptability in co-culture systems, with survival rates exceeding 80%. Additionally, rice yields increased by approximately 16%, with the highest yield observed in plots stocked with prawns. The results indicated that the presence of aquatic animals enhanced nutrient cycling, leading to significant improvements in both water quality and soil fertility. Differences in water quality and soil properties throughout the culture period were specific to the species present. These findings suggest that rice-fish co-culture systems serve as an effective nature-based solution for enhancing productivity, sustainability, and food security.
ISSN:2073-4441
2073-4441
DOI:10.3390/w16202890