Abstract 106: Global Burden of Stroke and its Attributable Risk Factors in 204 Countries and territories in youth under 20‐year‐old: A Global Benchmarking Analysis from 1990‐2021

• Published in: Stroke: vascular and interventional neurology 2024-11, Vol.4 (S1)
• Main Authors: Desai, H, Soliman, S M, Patel, V, Singh, K, Singh, N, Adedara, V, Naradasu, P, Sojitra, V, Markandu, K, Maddineni, K, Yavagal, D, Eatz, T
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age groups; Risk factors; Stroke
• ISSN: 2694-5746; 2694-5746
• DOI: 10.1161/SVIN.04.suppl_1.106

IntroductionStroke is the leading cause of death, responsible for 30.46% of all cardiovascular‐related deaths globally among individuals under 20 years old. Despite this significant burden, comprehensive data on the global impact of stroke in this age group remains limited. This study is the first of its kind to examine the stroke burden over the past three decades, including the initial two years of the COVID‐19 pandemic, in youth under‐20.MethodUsing Global burden of disease 2021 standardized methodology, we estimated prevalence, incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to stroke and its attributable risk factors by age, sex, year and location in youth under 20‐years old across the 204 countries and territories from 1990‐2021. The non‐fatal health outcomes were estimated using DiSMOD‐MR 2.1, a meta‐regression machine learning tool, while fatal health outcome was estimated using cause of death ensemble model (CODEm).ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the total prevalence of ischemic stroke rose from 1.49 million (95% uncertainty interval: 1.24‐1.80) to 1.58 million (1.34‐1.85). During the same period, the total percentage change (TPC) in hemorrhagic stroke decreased by 10.47%. Regionally, western sub‐Saharan Africa experienced the largest TPC in incidence, increasing by 123%, while Oceania saw the highest increase in deaths by 74%. By socio‐demographic index (SDI), low SDI countries showed the highest TPC in incidence at 93%, followed by an 11% increase in deaths and a 26% rise in DALYs. Nationally, the highest annual percentage change (APC) in incidence rate was in Sweden, at 0.66% per 100,000 population, with Zimbabwe experiencing the highest increase in deaths at 2.95%. Age‐wise, the highest TPC in incidence was observed in the 10‐14 age group, with a 7% increase, and in the 15‐19 age group, with a 5% increase, while other age groups saw decreases. The highest APC increase in deaths attributed to high temperatures was in Colombia at 10.77%, followed by Uganda at 8.63%, Kenya at 6.89%, and Italy at 6.39% from 1990 to 2021.ConclusionLow‐ and middle‐income countries have experienced an increasing burden of stroke, highlighting the need for targeted healthcare interventions and robust public health policies. The escalating threat from environmental risk factors, particularly those associated with climate change, underscores the urgent need to incorporate environmental health into the global strategy for stroke prevention. Public stakehold