Separation and spatial variations of typhoon and non‐typhoon rainfall at different timescales in typical region of southeast China

• Published in: International journal of climatology 2024-11, Vol.44 (13), p.4611-4628
• Main Authors: Wang, Senzhen, Chen, Xingwei, Yao, Huaxia, Ruan, Weifang, Gu, Zipeng, Li, Xiaocheng, Chen, Ying, Liu, Meibing, Deng, Haijun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Annual rainfall; Cyclones; fixed box approach; Fujian Province; Hurricanes; Precipitation; Rain; Rainfall; spatial variation; Spatial variations; timescale; Tropical cyclones; typhoon; Typhoon rainfall; Typhoons; Vapor sources; Water vapor; Water vapour
• ISSN: 0899-8418; 1097-0088
• DOI: 10.1002/joc.8599

Rainfall in East Asia is affected by two rain‐bearing systems: tropical cyclones and monsoon‐related frontal systems. Distinguishing typhoon rainfall (TR) and non‐typhoon rainfall (non‐TR) helps to understand the evolution process of regional rainfall at different timescales. Taking Fujian Province in the southeast coast of China as an example, based on the fixed box approach of separating TR, the method of determining the size of fixed box is explored. TR and non‐TR are separated in Fujian Province, and the spatial variations of TR and non‐TR at different timescales (annual, monthly, day of annual‐maximum‐rain) are analysed. The results showed that (1) according to the relationship between the sizes of fixed box and the rate of change of TR, the size of fixed box could be reasonably determined; thus, the expended size of fixed box suitable for separating TR in Fujian was 3.5°, namely the range of 20°–31.8°N and 112.3°–124.2°E. (2) The spatial variations of TR at different timescales in Fujian were similar: TR decreased from the coast to the inland, and the northeast coast of Fujian was the high‐value region. Due to the difference of water vapour sources, non‐TR in March–June increased from the coast to the inland, but the high value of non‐TR in July–September was distributed in the eastern coast. (3) The contribution rates of average TR to the total rainfall of the year, July–September and 1 day were 12.8%, 34.6% and 35.7%, respectively. In eastern coast, TR in July–September accounted for 1/3–1/2 of total rainfall, and the rainfall in a day was mainly affected by TR; while in western inland, rainfall was mainly non‐TR and the influence of TR was less than 1/4. We explore a method to determine the size of fixed box for separating regional typhoon rainfall (TR). TR accounts for 12.8% of annual rainfall and 35.6% in July–September in Fujian, which is a major threat in the coast in terms of extreme rainfall. The spatial variations of TR at different timescales are similar but non‐TR are different.