Five-level anti-counterfeiting based on versatile luminescence of tri-doped double perovskites

• Published in: Nano research 2024-11, Vol.17 (11), p.9971-9979
• Main Authors: Yang, Xingru, Sheng, Yuhang, Zhang, Linglong, Yang, Lun, Xing, Fangjian, Di, Yunsong, Liu, Cihui, Hu, Fengrui, Yang, Xifeng, Yang, Guofeng, Liu, Yushen, Gan, Zhixing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Afterglows; Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra; Biomedicine; Biotechnology; Chemistry and Materials Science; Condensed Matter Physics; Counterfeiting; Emission; Emissions; Energy transfer; Erbium; Excitation; Excitons; Lead free; Manganese ions; Materials Science; Nanotechnology; Near infrared radiation; Perovskites; Photoluminescence; Photons; Research Article; Ytterbium
• ISSN: 1998-0124; 1998-0000
• DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6918-5

Luminescent materials with multi-emission features are difficult to be replicated, which are highly desirable for advanced anti-counterfeiting. Here, we report the pioneering synthesis of Mn 2+ /Yb 3+ /Er 3+ tri-doped Cs 2 Ag 0.8 Na 0.2 InCl 6 double perovskites (MYE-DP), which exhibit photoluminescence (PL) covering from visible to near-infrared (NIR). The PL colors under excitations of 254 and 365 nm are notably different due to the changed relative emission intensities of self-trapped excitons (STEs) and Mn 2+ d–d transition. Moreover, under the excitation of a NIR laser, the MYE-DP exhibits upconversion (UC) emissions of Mn 2+ and Er 3+ . After ceasing the excitation, the long-lived trapped electrons can be thermally released to Mn 2+ and Er 3+ ions, resulting in both visible and NIR afterglow. Based on multi-modal emissions of the MYE-DP, we demonstrate a five-level anti-counterfeiting strategy, which significantly increases the anti-counterfeiting security. In addition, this work provides valuable insights into the energy transfer between STEs, Mn 2+ , Ln 3+ , and traps, laying a solid foundation for future development of new lead-free perovskites.