Ranavirus frog virus 3 infection in Nile tilapia: evidence of pathogenesis and host susceptibility

Ranaviruses, from the Iridoviridae family, are globally distributed viruses that infect ectothermic vertebrates and cause significant harm to infected animals. The Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), crucial in global aquaculture, is susceptible to these viruses, particularly the frog virus 3 (F...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture international 2025-02, Vol.33 (1), p.22, Article 22
Main Authors: Candido, Marcelo, da Fonseca Martins, Ana Maria Cristina Rebello Pinto, Hipolito, Marcio, Passarelli, Danielle, Carriero, Mateus Maldonado, Privatti, Rafaela Torrezan, de Souza, Johnny Maciel, Ferreira, Claudia Maris, de Sousa, Ricardo Luiz Moro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accumulation
Amphibians
Aquaculture
Autolysis
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Colour
Edema
Fibers
Fish
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Freshwater fishes
Histopathology
Infections
Life Sciences
Marine fishes
Oreochromis niloticus
Pancreas
Pathogenesis
Pigmentation
Tilapia
Viruses
Whitefish
Zoology
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Summary:Ranaviruses, from the Iridoviridae family, are globally distributed viruses that infect ectothermic vertebrates and cause significant harm to infected animals. The Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), crucial in global aquaculture, is susceptible to these viruses, particularly the frog virus 3 (FV3) species. The study investigated FV3 pathogenesis in this fish over a 60-day period, revealing the presence of inclusion bodies in different tissues, characteristic of FV3 infection. Macroscopic alterations were observed in infected fishes, including collapsed eyeballs showing edema, white spots on the liver, pale liver, submandibular erythema, dark pigmentation, reddish streaks, varying degrees of exophthalmos, and ascites with accumulation of proteinaceous fluid. Histopathological examinations revealed acute pancreatitis, hepatitis with necrotic areas, vacuolated and hyalinized renal tubules, necrotic and desquamative enteritis, melanomacrophage presence, inflammatory cell accumulation in the liver and pancreas, autolysis in areas of the intestine and pancreas, hemorrhagic vacuolated tubular areas, dissociated heart fibers, myocarditis, and cytoplasmic rarefaction. There was a statistically significant interaction (concentration/day) for hepatosomatic ( p  
ISSN:0967-6120
1573-143X
DOI:10.1007/s10499-024-01719-6