Loading…
Reduced Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression in Growth Hormone- and Prolactin-Deficient Ames and Snell Dwarf Mice
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-producing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been implicated in GH feedback in several studies in rats. Ames (df/df) and Snell (dw/dw) dwarf mice carry mutations in transcription factors Prop-1 and Pit-1, respectively, that abrogate detectable expression of G...
Saved in:
Published in: | Endocrinology (Philadelphia) 2003-11, Vol.144 (11), p.4783-4789 |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-f73bb42b4562a547bec2d6ca629bc3db9c15693b28d0fd34887799acab21447d3 |
---|---|
cites | |
container_end_page | 4789 |
container_issue | 11 |
container_start_page | 4783 |
container_title | Endocrinology (Philadelphia) |
container_volume | 144 |
creator | Hurley, David L Birch, Derin V Almond, M. Camille Estrada, Irma J Phelps, Carol J |
description | Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-producing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been implicated in GH feedback in several studies in rats. Ames (df/df) and Snell (dw/dw) dwarf mice carry mutations in transcription factors Prop-1 and Pit-1, respectively, that abrogate detectable expression of GH, prolactin, and TSH. The present study was undertaken to determine whether and to what extent hypothalamic NPY neurons are affected by the lifelong absence of pituitary hormone feedback in hypopituitary Ames and Snell dwarf mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA levels were quantified using in situ hybridization, and numbers of ARC NPY-producing cells were quantified using immunocytochemistry. For in situ hybridization, dwarf and normal coronal brain sections were hybridized with 35S-labeled riboprobe complementary to rat NPY cDNA, and then analyzed for total signal intensity from the entire ARC for each animal as well as for mRNA per neuron. NPY-containing perikarya in ARC were counted in sections of colchicine-treated (intracerebroventricular) dwarf and normal mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA was reduced in df/df mice to 33.6% (P < 0.01) of that in normal littermates, and reduced in dw/dw mice to 46.3% (P < 0.05) of normals, but there was no difference in expression per neuron as determined by reduced silver-grain counting. The decrement in dwarf mice of total ARC NPY mRNA without reduction in mRNA per cell suggested a reduction in NPY-containing neuron number, which was the case as shown by immunocytochemistry. NPY neuronal number in adult Ames dwarf mice (1048 ± 104) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced to 68% of that in DF/df littermates (1536 ± 73), and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in Snell dwarf mice to 63% of normals (1138 ± 137 vs. 1726 ± 205). This study represents the first enumeration of NPY-producing neurons in mouse hypothalamus and the first demonstration of lower NPY neuron number in a hypopituitary model. The reduction in total NPY mRNA was greater than that reported in studies of GH-deficient rats, suggesting that NPY expression may be affected by the lifelong absence of prolactin or TSH or both, as well as GH. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1210/en.2003-0753 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_3130543823</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1210/en.2003-0753</oup_id><sourcerecordid>3130543823</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-f73bb42b4562a547bec2d6ca629bc3db9c15693b28d0fd34887799acab21447d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp10ctr3DAQB2BRWppN2lvPRVBKL1Gqly37GPLaQJKGJD30ZPQYEwVbciWbNP99vVnDXtqTEPqY0fwGoU-MHjHO6HcIR5xSQagqxBu0YrUsiGKKvkUrSpkginO1h_ZzfpqvUkrxHu0xXpeUUrlC-Q7cZMHh9csQx0fd6d5bfANTigMMo3eAf-GzP0OCnH0M2Ad8keLz-IjXMfUxAME6OHybYqft6AM5hdZbD2HExz3k18f7AF2HT591avG1t_ABvWt1l-Hjch6gn-dnDydrcvXj4vLk-IpYyauRtEoYI7mRRcl1IZUBy11pdclrY4UztWVFWQvDK0dbJ2RVKVXX2mrD5zmVEwfoy7bukOLvCfLYPMUphbllI5ighRQVF7M63CqbYs4J2mZIvtfppWG02STcQGg2CTebhGf-eSk6mR7cDi-RzuDrAnS2umuTDtbnnSu4KBVVs_u2dXEa_teSLC3FVkJw0SYf4HUdu2n--dG_5gagHQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3130543823</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Reduced Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression in Growth Hormone- and Prolactin-Deficient Ames and Snell Dwarf Mice</title><source>Oxford Journals Online</source><creator>Hurley, David L ; Birch, Derin V ; Almond, M. Camille ; Estrada, Irma J ; Phelps, Carol J</creator><creatorcontrib>Hurley, David L ; Birch, Derin V ; Almond, M. Camille ; Estrada, Irma J ; Phelps, Carol J</creatorcontrib><description>Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-producing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been implicated in GH feedback in several studies in rats. Ames (df/df) and Snell (dw/dw) dwarf mice carry mutations in transcription factors Prop-1 and Pit-1, respectively, that abrogate detectable expression of GH, prolactin, and TSH. The present study was undertaken to determine whether and to what extent hypothalamic NPY neurons are affected by the lifelong absence of pituitary hormone feedback in hypopituitary Ames and Snell dwarf mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA levels were quantified using in situ hybridization, and numbers of ARC NPY-producing cells were quantified using immunocytochemistry. For in situ hybridization, dwarf and normal coronal brain sections were hybridized with 35S-labeled riboprobe complementary to rat NPY cDNA, and then analyzed for total signal intensity from the entire ARC for each animal as well as for mRNA per neuron. NPY-containing perikarya in ARC were counted in sections of colchicine-treated (intracerebroventricular) dwarf and normal mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA was reduced in df/df mice to 33.6% (P < 0.01) of that in normal littermates, and reduced in dw/dw mice to 46.3% (P < 0.05) of normals, but there was no difference in expression per neuron as determined by reduced silver-grain counting. The decrement in dwarf mice of total ARC NPY mRNA without reduction in mRNA per cell suggested a reduction in NPY-containing neuron number, which was the case as shown by immunocytochemistry. NPY neuronal number in adult Ames dwarf mice (1048 ± 104) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced to 68% of that in DF/df littermates (1536 ± 73), and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in Snell dwarf mice to 63% of normals (1138 ± 137 vs. 1726 ± 205). This study represents the first enumeration of NPY-producing neurons in mouse hypothalamus and the first demonstration of lower NPY neuron number in a hypopituitary model. The reduction in total NPY mRNA was greater than that reported in studies of GH-deficient rats, suggesting that NPY expression may be affected by the lifelong absence of prolactin or TSH or both, as well as GH.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-7227</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7170</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-0753</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12960004</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ENDOAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Endocrine Society</publisher><subject>Animals ; Arcuate nucleus ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - metabolism ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - pathology ; Autoradiography ; Biological and medical sciences ; Colchicine ; Colchicine - administration & dosage ; Dwarfism, Pituitary - genetics ; Dwarfism, Pituitary - metabolism ; Dwarfism, Pituitary - pathology ; Enumeration ; Feedback ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene expression ; Growth Hormone - deficiency ; Growth hormones ; Hybridization ; Hypothalamus ; Hypothalamus - metabolism ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Neurons ; Neurons - metabolism ; Neuropeptide Y ; Neuropeptide Y - genetics ; Neuropeptide Y - metabolism ; Neuropeptides ; Pit1 protein ; Pituitary ; Pituitary hormones ; Prolactin ; Prolactin - deficiency ; Prophet of pit-1 protein ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger - antagonists & inhibitors ; RNA, Messenger - metabolism ; Transcription factors ; Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><ispartof>Endocrinology (Philadelphia), 2003-11, Vol.144 (11), p.4783-4789</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2003 by The Endocrine Society 2003</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2003 by The Endocrine Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-f73bb42b4562a547bec2d6ca629bc3db9c15693b28d0fd34887799acab21447d3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15236707$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12960004$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hurley, David L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birch, Derin V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almond, M. Camille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Estrada, Irma J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phelps, Carol J</creatorcontrib><title>Reduced Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression in Growth Hormone- and Prolactin-Deficient Ames and Snell Dwarf Mice</title><title>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</title><addtitle>Endocrinology</addtitle><description>Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-producing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been implicated in GH feedback in several studies in rats. Ames (df/df) and Snell (dw/dw) dwarf mice carry mutations in transcription factors Prop-1 and Pit-1, respectively, that abrogate detectable expression of GH, prolactin, and TSH. The present study was undertaken to determine whether and to what extent hypothalamic NPY neurons are affected by the lifelong absence of pituitary hormone feedback in hypopituitary Ames and Snell dwarf mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA levels were quantified using in situ hybridization, and numbers of ARC NPY-producing cells were quantified using immunocytochemistry. For in situ hybridization, dwarf and normal coronal brain sections were hybridized with 35S-labeled riboprobe complementary to rat NPY cDNA, and then analyzed for total signal intensity from the entire ARC for each animal as well as for mRNA per neuron. NPY-containing perikarya in ARC were counted in sections of colchicine-treated (intracerebroventricular) dwarf and normal mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA was reduced in df/df mice to 33.6% (P < 0.01) of that in normal littermates, and reduced in dw/dw mice to 46.3% (P < 0.05) of normals, but there was no difference in expression per neuron as determined by reduced silver-grain counting. The decrement in dwarf mice of total ARC NPY mRNA without reduction in mRNA per cell suggested a reduction in NPY-containing neuron number, which was the case as shown by immunocytochemistry. NPY neuronal number in adult Ames dwarf mice (1048 ± 104) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced to 68% of that in DF/df littermates (1536 ± 73), and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in Snell dwarf mice to 63% of normals (1138 ± 137 vs. 1726 ± 205). This study represents the first enumeration of NPY-producing neurons in mouse hypothalamus and the first demonstration of lower NPY neuron number in a hypopituitary model. The reduction in total NPY mRNA was greater than that reported in studies of GH-deficient rats, suggesting that NPY expression may be affected by the lifelong absence of prolactin or TSH or both, as well as GH.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arcuate nucleus</subject><subject>Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - metabolism</subject><subject>Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - pathology</subject><subject>Autoradiography</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Colchicine</subject><subject>Colchicine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Dwarfism, Pituitary - genetics</subject><subject>Dwarfism, Pituitary - metabolism</subject><subject>Dwarfism, Pituitary - pathology</subject><subject>Enumeration</subject><subject>Feedback</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Growth Hormone - deficiency</subject><subject>Growth hormones</subject><subject>Hybridization</subject><subject>Hypothalamus</subject><subject>Hypothalamus - metabolism</subject><subject>Immunocytochemistry</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>In Situ Hybridization</subject><subject>Injections, Intraventricular</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Mutant Strains</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neurons - metabolism</subject><subject>Neuropeptide Y</subject><subject>Neuropeptide Y - genetics</subject><subject>Neuropeptide Y - metabolism</subject><subject>Neuropeptides</subject><subject>Pit1 protein</subject><subject>Pituitary</subject><subject>Pituitary hormones</subject><subject>Prolactin</subject><subject>Prolactin - deficiency</subject><subject>Prophet of pit-1 protein</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</subject><subject>Transcription factors</subject><subject>Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><issn>0013-7227</issn><issn>1945-7170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp10ctr3DAQB2BRWppN2lvPRVBKL1Gqly37GPLaQJKGJD30ZPQYEwVbciWbNP99vVnDXtqTEPqY0fwGoU-MHjHO6HcIR5xSQagqxBu0YrUsiGKKvkUrSpkginO1h_ZzfpqvUkrxHu0xXpeUUrlC-Q7cZMHh9csQx0fd6d5bfANTigMMo3eAf-GzP0OCnH0M2Ad8keLz-IjXMfUxAME6OHybYqft6AM5hdZbD2HExz3k18f7AF2HT591avG1t_ABvWt1l-Hjch6gn-dnDydrcvXj4vLk-IpYyauRtEoYI7mRRcl1IZUBy11pdclrY4UztWVFWQvDK0dbJ2RVKVXX2mrD5zmVEwfoy7bukOLvCfLYPMUphbllI5ighRQVF7M63CqbYs4J2mZIvtfppWG02STcQGg2CTebhGf-eSk6mR7cDi-RzuDrAnS2umuTDtbnnSu4KBVVs_u2dXEa_teSLC3FVkJw0SYf4HUdu2n--dG_5gagHQ</recordid><startdate>20031101</startdate><enddate>20031101</enddate><creator>Hurley, David L</creator><creator>Birch, Derin V</creator><creator>Almond, M. Camille</creator><creator>Estrada, Irma J</creator><creator>Phelps, Carol J</creator><general>Endocrine Society</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20031101</creationdate><title>Reduced Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression in Growth Hormone- and Prolactin-Deficient Ames and Snell Dwarf Mice</title><author>Hurley, David L ; Birch, Derin V ; Almond, M. Camille ; Estrada, Irma J ; Phelps, Carol J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-f73bb42b4562a547bec2d6ca629bc3db9c15693b28d0fd34887799acab21447d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Arcuate nucleus</topic><topic>Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - metabolism</topic><topic>Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - pathology</topic><topic>Autoradiography</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Colchicine</topic><topic>Colchicine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Dwarfism, Pituitary - genetics</topic><topic>Dwarfism, Pituitary - metabolism</topic><topic>Dwarfism, Pituitary - pathology</topic><topic>Enumeration</topic><topic>Feedback</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Growth Hormone - deficiency</topic><topic>Growth hormones</topic><topic>Hybridization</topic><topic>Hypothalamus</topic><topic>Hypothalamus - metabolism</topic><topic>Immunocytochemistry</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>In Situ Hybridization</topic><topic>Injections, Intraventricular</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Mutant Strains</topic><topic>Neurons</topic><topic>Neurons - metabolism</topic><topic>Neuropeptide Y</topic><topic>Neuropeptide Y - genetics</topic><topic>Neuropeptide Y - metabolism</topic><topic>Neuropeptides</topic><topic>Pit1 protein</topic><topic>Pituitary</topic><topic>Pituitary hormones</topic><topic>Prolactin</topic><topic>Prolactin - deficiency</topic><topic>Prophet of pit-1 protein</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</topic><topic>Transcription factors</topic><topic>Vertebrates: endocrinology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hurley, David L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birch, Derin V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almond, M. Camille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Estrada, Irma J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phelps, Carol J</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hurley, David L</au><au>Birch, Derin V</au><au>Almond, M. Camille</au><au>Estrada, Irma J</au><au>Phelps, Carol J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reduced Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression in Growth Hormone- and Prolactin-Deficient Ames and Snell Dwarf Mice</atitle><jtitle>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</jtitle><addtitle>Endocrinology</addtitle><date>2003-11-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>144</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>4783</spage><epage>4789</epage><pages>4783-4789</pages><issn>0013-7227</issn><eissn>1945-7170</eissn><coden>ENDOAO</coden><abstract>Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-producing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been implicated in GH feedback in several studies in rats. Ames (df/df) and Snell (dw/dw) dwarf mice carry mutations in transcription factors Prop-1 and Pit-1, respectively, that abrogate detectable expression of GH, prolactin, and TSH. The present study was undertaken to determine whether and to what extent hypothalamic NPY neurons are affected by the lifelong absence of pituitary hormone feedback in hypopituitary Ames and Snell dwarf mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA levels were quantified using in situ hybridization, and numbers of ARC NPY-producing cells were quantified using immunocytochemistry. For in situ hybridization, dwarf and normal coronal brain sections were hybridized with 35S-labeled riboprobe complementary to rat NPY cDNA, and then analyzed for total signal intensity from the entire ARC for each animal as well as for mRNA per neuron. NPY-containing perikarya in ARC were counted in sections of colchicine-treated (intracerebroventricular) dwarf and normal mice. Total ARC NPY mRNA was reduced in df/df mice to 33.6% (P < 0.01) of that in normal littermates, and reduced in dw/dw mice to 46.3% (P < 0.05) of normals, but there was no difference in expression per neuron as determined by reduced silver-grain counting. The decrement in dwarf mice of total ARC NPY mRNA without reduction in mRNA per cell suggested a reduction in NPY-containing neuron number, which was the case as shown by immunocytochemistry. NPY neuronal number in adult Ames dwarf mice (1048 ± 104) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced to 68% of that in DF/df littermates (1536 ± 73), and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in Snell dwarf mice to 63% of normals (1138 ± 137 vs. 1726 ± 205). This study represents the first enumeration of NPY-producing neurons in mouse hypothalamus and the first demonstration of lower NPY neuron number in a hypopituitary model. The reduction in total NPY mRNA was greater than that reported in studies of GH-deficient rats, suggesting that NPY expression may be affected by the lifelong absence of prolactin or TSH or both, as well as GH.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>12960004</pmid><doi>10.1210/en.2003-0753</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0013-7227 |
ispartof | Endocrinology (Philadelphia), 2003-11, Vol.144 (11), p.4783-4789 |
issn | 0013-7227 1945-7170 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_3130543823 |
source | Oxford Journals Online |
subjects | Animals Arcuate nucleus Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - metabolism Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus - pathology Autoradiography Biological and medical sciences Colchicine Colchicine - administration & dosage Dwarfism, Pituitary - genetics Dwarfism, Pituitary - metabolism Dwarfism, Pituitary - pathology Enumeration Feedback Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene expression Growth Hormone - deficiency Growth hormones Hybridization Hypothalamus Hypothalamus - metabolism Immunocytochemistry Immunohistochemistry In Situ Hybridization Injections, Intraventricular Male Mice Mice, Mutant Strains Neurons Neurons - metabolism Neuropeptide Y Neuropeptide Y - genetics Neuropeptide Y - metabolism Neuropeptides Pit1 protein Pituitary Pituitary hormones Prolactin Prolactin - deficiency Prophet of pit-1 protein Rats RNA, Messenger - antagonists & inhibitors RNA, Messenger - metabolism Transcription factors Vertebrates: endocrinology |
title | Reduced Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Expression in Growth Hormone- and Prolactin-Deficient Ames and Snell Dwarf Mice |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T17%3A10%3A38IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Reduced%20Hypothalamic%20Neuropeptide%20Y%20Expression%20in%20Growth%20Hormone-%20and%20Prolactin-Deficient%20Ames%20and%20Snell%20Dwarf%20Mice&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology%20(Philadelphia)&rft.au=Hurley,%20David%20L&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4783&rft.epage=4789&rft.pages=4783-4789&rft.issn=0013-7227&rft.eissn=1945-7170&rft.coden=ENDOAO&rft_id=info:doi/10.1210/en.2003-0753&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E3130543823%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-f73bb42b4562a547bec2d6ca629bc3db9c15693b28d0fd34887799acab21447d3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3130543823&rft_id=info:pmid/12960004&rft_oup_id=10.1210/en.2003-0753&rfr_iscdi=true |