Comparison of Brønsted Acidic Silanol Nests and Lewis Acidic Metal Sites in Ti-Beta Zeolites for Conversion of Butenes

The Lewis acidic framework Ti sites in Ti-Beta and Si-Beta catalysts were compared by FT-IR and NMR characterization methods before they were applied to the conversion of four butenes. The results showed that Si-Beta has fewer Lewis acid sites and abundant weak Brønsted acidic silanol nests, which p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Catalysts 2024-11, Vol.14 (11), p.749
Main Authors: Yi, Fengjiao, Xing, Mengjiao, Cao, Jing-Pei, Guo, Shupeng, Yang, Yong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Butenes
Butylene
Catalysts
Conversion
Hydrogen
Lewis acid
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oligomerization
Zeolites
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Summary:The Lewis acidic framework Ti sites in Ti-Beta and Si-Beta catalysts were compared by FT-IR and NMR characterization methods before they were applied to the conversion of four butenes. The results showed that Si-Beta has fewer Lewis acid sites and abundant weak Brønsted acidic silanol nests, which play an important role in conversions between n-butene, cis-2-butene, and trans-2-butene. The conversions for these butenes over Si-Beta were always higher than those over a series of Ti-Beta catalysts with gradient-varied Lewis acidic framework Ti sites and silanols. This is because isobutene can only oligomerize, which requires stronger acidity, so its conversion over Si-Beta was lower than those over Ti-Beta zeolites. For a series of Ti-Beta catalysts with different abundances of Lewis acidic Ti sites, the more Lewis acid sites it had, the higher the conversions for the four butenes.
ISSN:2073-4344
2073-4344
DOI:10.3390/catal14110749