Mineralogical Characteristics and Their Usability as Gemstones of Jaspers in Altered Metavolcanics Belonging to the Topçam Formation, Tokat, Turkiye

The jaspers located in the Topçam Mountain, Tepeyurt region (Tokat, Turkey), were formed at green-colored metavolcanic levels within Permian–Triassic schists. The sizes of the jaspers generally vary from a few cm to 1.5 m, and their colors vary from grayish–reddish–brownish/blackish tones depending...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Minerals (Basel) 2024-11, Vol.14 (11), p.1072
Main Authors: Yüzbaşıoğlu, Taha Yasin, Kaydu Akbudak, İlkay
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Calcite
Calcite crystals
Carbonates
Color
Colour
Diffraction
Ferric oxide
Fluorescence
Gems
Geological engineering
Haematite
Hematite
Impurities
Iron
Jewelry
Jewelry industry
Light reflection
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphism
Mineralogy
Permian
Plasma
Pyrite
Quartz
Schists
Scientific imaging
Silica
Silicon dioxide
Stone
Sulfur compounds
Technology education
Triassic
Usability
Wavelength
Workability
X rays
X-ray diffraction
X-ray fluorescence
X-ray spectroscopy
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Summary:The jaspers located in the Topçam Mountain, Tepeyurt region (Tokat, Turkey), were formed at green-colored metavolcanic levels within Permian–Triassic schists. The sizes of the jaspers generally vary from a few cm to 1.5 m, and their colors vary from grayish–reddish–brownish/blackish tones depending on the increase in the amount of Fe and Mn elements they contain. According to thin section and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis examinations, it was determined that the composition of jaspers includes quartz, hematite, calcite, and pyrite. As stated by the Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) analysis results, it was observed that the amount of SiO2 in jaspers was 82.5%, and the amount of Fe2O3 was 15.5%. According to Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis results, Fe and Mn impurities, which are thought to cause the color of jaspers, as well as the amount of Fe (6975.5 ppm–46,893.9 ppm–96,431.1 ppm) and the amount of Mn (935.9–3219.7–6040.4 ppm), caused a darkening in color tones (grayish–reddish–brownish/blackish). Cabochon cutting applications were made of jaspers taken from the study area. As a result of these applications, it has been determined that jaspers can be used as gemstones due to their properties, such as their workability, polish retention, and color and light reflection.
ISSN:2075-163X
2075-163X
DOI:10.3390/min14111072