MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Female Infertility

The study of microRNAs (miRNAs) has emerged in recent decades as a key approach to understanding the pathophysiology of many diseases, exploring their potential role as biomarkers, and testing their use as future treatments. Not only have neurological, cardiovascular diseases, or cancer benefited fr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-12, Vol.25 (23), p.12979
Main Authors: Chico-Sordo, Lucía, García-Velasco, Juan A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Cardiovascular diseases
Cytoplasm
Endometriosis - genetics
Endometriosis - metabolism
Endometriosis - therapy
Enzymes
Female
Females
Gene expression
Health aspects
Humans
Infertility
Infertility, Female
Infertility, Female - genetics
Infertility, Female - metabolism
Infertility, Female - therapy
Literature reviews
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - genetics
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - metabolism
Proteins
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA polymerase
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
Womens health
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Summary:The study of microRNAs (miRNAs) has emerged in recent decades as a key approach to understanding the pathophysiology of many diseases, exploring their potential role as biomarkers, and testing their use as future treatments. Not only have neurological, cardiovascular diseases, or cancer benefited from this research but also infertility. Female infertility, as a disease, involves alterations at multiple levels, such as ovarian and uterine alterations. This review compiles the latest studies published in humans that link female disorders that affect fertility with altered miRNA profiles. Studies on ovarian alterations, including diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), poor ovarian response to stimulation (POR), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), are summarized and classified based on the expression and type of sample analyzed. Regarding uterine disorders, this review highlights upregulated and downregulated miRNAs primarily identified as biomarkers for endometriosis, adenomyosis, decreased endometrial receptivity, and implantation failure. However, despite the large number of studies in this field, the same limitations that reduce reproducibility are often observed. Therefore, at the end of this review, the main limitations of this type of study are described, as well as specific precautions or safety measures that should be considered when handling miRNAs.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms252312979