Production of Bacillus thuringiensis in “On Farm” Biofactories Is So Efficient Like a Commercial Product to Control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The biological control of pests and diseases in Brazilian crops has increased substantially, and the large-scale multiplication of microorganisms, a practice known as “On Farm”, is now being used by farmers. In this study, we aimed to produce and evaluate the quality of Bacillus thuringiensis var. k...

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Published in:Agronomy (Basel) 2024-12, Vol.14 (12), p.2776
Main Authors: Freire, Ítalo Alves, Nascimento, Izabela Nunes do, Rocha, Gabriela Teodoro, Santos, Pedro de Luca Buffon dos, Cunha, Breno Béda dos Reis, Ferreira, Antônia Débora Camila de Lima, Moreira, Flávia Melo, Castro, Marcelo Tavares de, Monnerat, Rose Gomes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aeration
Agriculture
Automation
Bacillus thuringiensis
Bacteria
Biological control
Biological products
Contaminants
Crystals
Culture media
entomopathogenic bacteria
Farms
Insecticides
large-scale multiplication
Larvae
Microorganisms
Multiplication
Pest control
Pests
Proteins
Quality control
Spodoptera frugiperda
Spores
Stainless steel
Toxins
Yeast
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Summary:The biological control of pests and diseases in Brazilian crops has increased substantially, and the large-scale multiplication of microorganisms, a practice known as “On Farm”, is now being used by farmers. In this study, we aimed to produce and evaluate the quality of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki strain HD-1 in “On Farm” biofactories under three aeration rates (0.2, 0.5 and 0.8 air volume/volume of medium/min) (vvm), with regard to the production of endospores and crystals, contaminants, and to calculate the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae. After 48 h, the number of viable spores differed significantly between 0.2 (5.75 × 107), 0.5 (1.33 × 108) and 0.8 (5.40 × 108) vvm. The culture media did not show enough selectivity. A significant difference was observed for the LC50 calculated for 0.2 vvm (7.06 × 104), 0.5 vvm (2.07 × 104), 0.8 vvm (4.40 × 103), and the commercial product (3.79 × 103). The results of this study showed that the aeration rate affects the multiplication efficiency of B. thuringiensis in biofactories. In addition, post-process quality control analyses found no pathogenic contamination, reinforcing the safety and viability of the production process. The 0.8 vvm rate resulted in the greater production of spores and crystals, and statistically similar results to the commercial product for the control of S. frugiperda.
ISSN:2073-4395
2073-4395
DOI:10.3390/agronomy14122776