Unit Commitment in Microgrid Considering Customer Satisfaction in Incentives-Based Demand Response Program: A Fuzzy Logic Model

• Published in: Smart grids and sustainable energy 2025-01, Vol.10 (1), p.10, Article 10
• Main Authors: Xuan, Hung Ta, Duc, Tuyen Nguyen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Customer satisfaction; Distributed generation; Economics and Management; Electric power demand; Electric power systems; Electrical loads; Electrical Machines and Networks; Electricity; Electricity pricing; Energy; Energy costs; Energy management; Energy Policy; Energy storage; Energy Systems; Fuzzy logic; Incentives; Mixed integer; Operating costs; Operators; Optimization; Power Electronics; Quadratic programming; Renewable energy sources; Systems stability; Unit commitment
• ISSN: 2731-8087; 2731-8087; 2199-4706
• DOI: 10.1007/s40866-024-00233-1

The increasing integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) poses significant challenges for power system operators due to their inherent variability and intermittency. This paper presents a Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP) approach to solve the Unit Commitment (UC) problem in microgrids, focusing on the combined use of RES, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), and Incentive-Based Demand Response (IBDR) programs. The proposed model optimizes power generation scheduling for both grid-connected and isolated microgrid modes. To assess customer satisfaction in IBDR programs, a Fuzzy Logic Model evaluates key factors like load demand, freedom of time, electricity prices, and incentives. This model aims to minimize operating costs when IBDR is not applied or maximize social welfare when IBDR is implemented. Results, obtained using Matlab/Simulink for customer satisfaction modeling and the CPLEX solver in Python for UC optimization, demonstrate that integrating BESS and IBDR enhances system flexibility and resilience to RES fluctuations. In optimal grid-connected operation, the model achieves a 22.27% reduction in operating costs and a 28.95% increase in social welfare compared to isolated operations. Although customer electricity bills rise by 15.35%, increased satisfaction, and system stability underscore the overall benefits of integrating BESS and IBDR for both operators and consumers. These findings demonstrate the potential of this approach to significantly enhance microgrid performance and ensure greater reliability in practical implementations.