Risk Factors for Suicide in Psychiatric Outpatients: A 20-Year Prospective Study

To determine the risk factors for suicide, 6,891 psychiatric outpatients were evaluated in a prospective study. Subsequent deaths for the sample were identified through the National Death Index. Forty-nine (1%) suicides were determined from death certificates obtained from state vital statistics off...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 2000-06, Vol.68 (3), p.371-377
Main Authors: Brown, Gregory K, Beck, Aaron T, Steer, Robert A, Grisham, Jessica R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
At Risk Populations
Biological and medical sciences
Bipolar Disorder - complications
Bipolar Disorder - psychology
Cause of Death
Community treatment. Ambulatory treatment. Home care
Depressive Disorder, Major - complications
Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology
Female
Health risk assessment
Human
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - complications
Mental Disorders - mortality
Mental Disorders - psychology
Middle Aged
Outpatient
Outpatients
Outpatients - statistics & numerical data
Pennsylvania - epidemiology
Population Surveillance
Proportional Hazards Models
Prospective Studies
Psychiatric Patients
Psychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Risk
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Suicide
Suicide - psychology
Suicide - statistics & numerical data
Suicides & suicide attempts
Treatments
Unemployment
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Summary:To determine the risk factors for suicide, 6,891 psychiatric outpatients were evaluated in a prospective study. Subsequent deaths for the sample were identified through the National Death Index. Forty-nine (1%) suicides were determined from death certificates obtained from state vital statistics offices. Specific psychological variables that could be modified by clinical intervention were measured using standardized scales. Univariate survival analyses revealed that the severity of depression, hopelessness, and suicide ideation were significant risk factors for eventual suicide. A multivariate survival analysis indicated that several modifiable variables were significant and unique risk factors for suicide, including suicide ideation, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and unemployment status.
ISSN:0022-006X
1939-2117
DOI:10.1037/0022-006X.68.3.371