Effects of Voucher-Based Intervention on Abstinence and Retention in an Outpatient Treatment for Cocaine Addiction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The aims of this study were to assess whether voucher magnitude improved cocaine abstinence and retention in an outpatient treatment for cocaine dependence, and to determine the effectiveness of a contingency management intervention in a European cultural context. A randomized controlled trial was c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology 2009-06, Vol.17 (3), p.131-138
Main Authors: Garcia-Rodriguez, Olaya, Secades-Villa, Roberto, Higgins, Stephen T, Fernandez-Hermida, Jose R, Carballo, Jose L, Errasti Perez, Jose M, Diaz, Susana Al-halabi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Ambulatory Care
Cocaine
Cocaine-Related Disorders - therapy
Community Mental Health Services - organization & administration
Community Services
Contingency Management
Drug Abstinence
Female
Human
Humans
Male
Outpatient
Outpatient Treatment
Reinforcement
Reinforcement (Psychology)
Reinforcement Schedule
Retention (Psychology)
Substance Use Treatment
Token Economy
Token Economy Programs
Treatment Compliance
Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation
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Summary:The aims of this study were to assess whether voucher magnitude improved cocaine abstinence and retention in an outpatient treatment for cocaine dependence, and to determine the effectiveness of a contingency management intervention in a European cultural context. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in which 96 participants who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment conditions in a community setting: standard outpatient treatment, community reinforcement approach (CRA) plus low monetary value vouchers (each point earned was equivalent to 0.125€, US$ 0.18), and CRA plus high monetary value vouchers (each point was worth 0.25€, US$ 0.36). In the standard treatment group, mean percentage of cocaine-negative samples was 88.45%, versus 96.09% in the CRA plus low-vouchers group, and 97.07% in the CRA plus high-vouchers group. Retention rate at 6 months was 36.5% in the standard treatment group, 53.3% in the CRA plus low-vouchers group, and 69.0% in the CRA plus high-vouchers group. The CRA plus vouchers groups obtained better results than the standard program. This study showed that treating cocaine addiction by combining CRA with vouchers was more effective than standard treatment in community outpatient programs in Spain.
ISSN:1064-1297
1936-2293
DOI:10.1037/a0015963