Long-term changes in extractable soil phosphorus (P) in organic dairy farming systems

On five farms that have been managed organically for several years, all cultivated soils were sampled on two occasions. The time span between the first and second soil sampling varied from 6 to 12 years. At the first sampling the farms had been managed organically for 3, 4, 6, 11 or 53 years. The av...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant and soil 2001-12, Vol.237 (2), p.321-332
Main Authors: Løes, Anne-Kristin, Øgaard, Anne Falk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid soils
Agricultural soils
Agrology
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Ammonium
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties
Crop production
Crop yield
Dairy farms
Farming systems
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Mineral components. Ionic and exchange properties
Organic farming
Organic phosphorus
Organic soils
Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries
Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils
Soil organic matter
Soil samples
Soil science
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
Soils
Subsoil
Subsoils
Sustainable agriculture
Topsoil
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Summary:On five farms that have been managed organically for several years, all cultivated soils were sampled on two occasions. The time span between the first and second soil sampling varied from 6 to 12 years. At the first sampling the farms had been managed organically for 3, 4, 6, 11 or 53 years. The average phosphorus (P) concentrations in topsoil (0-20 cm) extracted by ammonium-acetate lactate solution (P-AL) decreased from the first to the second sampling on all farms. At the second soil sampling, the average topsoil P-AL concentrations on the five farms were 50, 64, 65, 75 and 119 mg P kg⁻¹, which is characterised as medium (26-65 mg P kg⁻¹) or high (66-150 mg P kg⁻¹). The decrease occurred mostly in soils with high and very high (> 150 mg P kg⁻¹) P-AL concentrations at the first sampling. In these samples, the average value decreased from 100 to 87 and from 188 to 151 mg P kg⁻¹, respectively. In subsoil (20-40 cm), an increase from 15 to 27 mg P kg⁻¹ (P
ISSN:0032-079X
1573-5036
DOI:10.1023/A:1013328228904