Distribution of PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 in PM10 fraction in ambient air due to vehicular pollution in Kolkata megacity

This research paper aims at establishing baseline PM^sub 10^ and PM^sub 2.5^ concentration levels, which could be effectively used to develop and upgrade the standards in air pollution in developing countries. The relative contribution of fine fractions (PM^sub 2.5^) and coarser fractions (PM^sub 10...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2006-11, Vol.122 (1-3), p.111-123
Main Authors: DAS, Manab, SUBODH KUMAR MAITI, MUKHOPADHYAY, Ujjal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air pollution
Air quality
Air quality standards
Applied sciences
Atmospheric pollution
Developing countries
Environmental monitoring
Exact sciences and technology
LDCs
Megacities
Outdoor air quality
Particulate matter
Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution
Pollution
Vehicle emissions
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Summary:This research paper aims at establishing baseline PM^sub 10^ and PM^sub 2.5^ concentration levels, which could be effectively used to develop and upgrade the standards in air pollution in developing countries. The relative contribution of fine fractions (PM^sub 2.5^) and coarser fractions (PM^sub 10-2.5^) to PM^sub 10^ fractions were investigates in a megacity which is overcrowded and congested due to lack of road network and deteriorated air quality because of vehicular pollution. The present study was carried out during the winter of 2002. The average 24h PM^sub 10^ concentration was 304 μg/m^sup 3^, which is 3 times more than the Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and higher PM^sub 10^ concentration was due to fine fraction (PM^sub 2.5^) released by vehicular exhaust. The 24h average PM^sub 2.5^ concentration was found 179 μg/m^sup 3^, which is exceeded USEPA and EU standards of 65 and 50 μg/m^sup 3^ respectively for the winter. India does not have any PM^sub 2.5^ standards. The 24 h average PM^sub 10-2.5^ concentrations were found 126 μg/m^sup 3^. The PM^sub 2.5^ constituted more than 59% of PM^sub 10^ and whereas PM^sub 10^-PM^sub 2.5^ fractions constituted 41% of PM^sub 10^. The correlation between PM^sub 10^ and PM^sub 2.5^ was found higher as PM^sub 2.5^ comprised major proportion of PM^sub 10^ fractions contributed by vehicular emissions.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
ISSN:0167-6369
1573-2959
DOI:10.1007/s10661-005-9168-3