Soil acidity effects on nutrient use efficiency in exotic maize genotypes

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal grown in the world. In South and Central America, maize is mostly grown on acidic soils. On these soils, yields are limited by deficient levels of available P, Ca, and Mg, and toxic levels of Al and Mn. A greenhouse study was conducted with 22 m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant and soil 1997-05, Vol.192 (1), p.9-13
Main Authors: Baligar, V.C. (Appalachian Soil and Water Conservation Research Lab. USDA-ARS, Beaver, WV (USA).), Pitta, G.V.E, Gama, E.E.G, Schaffert, R.E, Bahia Filho, A.F.C, Clark, R.B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid soils
Acidic soils
Acidity
Adaptation to environment and cultivation conditions
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
ALUMINIO
ALUMINIUM
Aluminum
Biological and medical sciences
CALCIO
CALCIUM
CINC
Corn
Cultivars
EFFICACITE
EFFICIENCY
EFICACIA
Essential nutrients
FER
FISIOLOGIA DE LA NUTRICION
FOSFORO
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetic diversity
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
GENOTIPOS
GENOTYPE
GENOTYPES
HIERRO
IRON
MAGNESIO
MAGNESIUM
Nutrient use efficiency
NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY
Orchard soils
PHOSPHORE
PHOSPHORUS
PHYSIOLOGIE DE LA NUTRITION
Plant growth
Plant nutrition
Plants
POTASIO
POTASSIUM
Soil nutrients
Soil toxicity
TOXICIDAD
TOXICITE
TOXICITY
Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims
ZEA MAYS
ZINC
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Summary:Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal grown in the world. In South and Central America, maize is mostly grown on acidic soils. On these soils, yields are limited by deficient levels of available P, Ca, and Mg, and toxic levels of Al and Mn. A greenhouse study was conducted with 22 maize genotypes originating from Africa, Europe, and North, Central, and South America on acid, dark red latosol (Typic Haplorthox) at 2%, 41%, and 64% Al saturation at corresponding pH of 5.6, 4.5, and 4.3. With increasing Al levels, the nutrient efficiency ratios (NER = mgs of dry shoot weight / mg of element in shoot) for K, Ca and Mg increased, and NER for P and Zn tended to decrease. Overall, Al-tolerant genotypes produced higher shoot and root weight and had higher NER for P, Ca Mg, and Fe at 41% Al saturation. Genotypes used in this study showed genetic diversity for growth and NER of essential nutrients. It was concluded that selection of acid-soil-tolerant genotypes and further breeding of acid-soil-tolerant maize cultivars are feasible.
ISSN:0032-079X
1573-5036
DOI:10.1023/A:1004260222681