KATP channelopathies in the pancreas

Adenosine-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels (K ATP ) are regulated by adenosine nucleotides, and, thereby, couple cellular metabolism with electrical activity in multiple tissues including the pancreatic β-cell. The critical involvement of K ATP in insulin secretion is confirmed by the demon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pflügers Archiv 2010-07, Vol.460 (2), p.307-320
Main Authors: Remedi, Maria S., Koster, Joseph C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Human Physiology
Integrative Physiology
Molecular Medicine
Neurosciences
Receptors
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Summary:Adenosine-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels (K ATP ) are regulated by adenosine nucleotides, and, thereby, couple cellular metabolism with electrical activity in multiple tissues including the pancreatic β-cell. The critical involvement of K ATP in insulin secretion is confirmed by the demonstration that inactivating and activating mutations in K ATP underlie persistent hyperinsulinemia and neonatal diabetes mellitus, respectively, in both animal models and humans. In addition, a common variant in K ATP represents a risk factor in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on the mechanistic basis by which K ATP mutations underlie insulin secretory disorders and the implications of these findings for successful clinical intervention.
ISSN:0031-6768
1432-2013
DOI:10.1007/s00424-009-0756-x