Chlorella vulgaris Modulates Immunomyelopoietic Activity and Enhances the Resistance of Tumor-Bearing Mice

• Published in: Nutrition and cancer 2010-01, Vol.62 (8), p.1170-1180
• Main Authors: Ramos, Aline Lisie, Torello, Cristiane Okuda, Queiroz, Mary L.S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algae; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - therapeutic use; ascites; Biological and medical sciences; blood serum; Bone marrow; Bone Marrow Cells - immunology; Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor - drug therapy; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor - immunology; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor - metabolism; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cells; Cells, Cultured; Chlorella vulgaris; Colony-Stimulating Factors - blood; Colony-Stimulating Factors - metabolism; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Dietary Supplements; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells - cytology; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells - immunology; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells - metabolism; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - immunology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - metabolism; Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use; interferon-gamma; interleukin-1; interleukin-10; interleukin-2; interleukin-6; Killer Cells, Natural - immunology; Killer Cells, Natural - metabolism; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myelopoiesis; natural killer cells; Phytotherapy; Rodents; secretion; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; spleen; Spleen - cytology; Spleen - immunology; Spleen - metabolism; stem cells; stromal cells; Stromal Cells - immunology; Stromal Cells - metabolism; Studies; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Tumors; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
• ISSN: 0163-5581; 1532-7914
• DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2010.513801

We studied the effects of Chlorella vulgaris (CV) on the interaction between stromal and hematopoietic stem cells in normal and Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT)-bearing mice. Long-term bone marrow culture (LTBMC), cytokine production, spleen mononuclear cells (SMC) proliferation (SCP), colony stimulating activity (CSA), and NK cells activity were evaluated. In tumor bearers, reduced capacity of stromal cell layer to support the growth and differentiation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM), concomitantly to decreased numbers of total nonadherent cells in LTBMC and reduced local production of IL-6 and IL-1, were observed. Presence of the tumor has not altered the number of stromal adherent cells. CV treatment restored the ability of stromal cells from EAT-bearing mice to produce IL-6 and IL-1, which was consistent with increased number of nonadherent cells and higher ability to display CFU-GM in vitro. EAT growth increased SCP, serum CSA, and IL-10 production and concurrently depressed NK cell activity and the secretion of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with CV augmented CSA, SMC proliferation, NK cell activity, and the production of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-, whereas IL-10 levels where reduced. Our results suggest that CV modulates immunehematopoietic cell activity and disengages tumor-induced suppression of these responses.