Occurrence and source identification of organochlorine pesticides in the surrounding surface soils of the Ittehad Chemical Industries Kalashah Kaku, Pakistan

Surface soil and sediment samples were collected from the surroundings of the Ittehad Chemical Industries Kalashah Kaku industrial zone to assess residual level of 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and identify their sources. DDTs and HCHs were most prevalent OCPs and general pattern of contaminat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental earth sciences 2011-03, Vol.62 (6), p.1311-1321
Main Authors: Syed, Jabir Hussain, Malik, Riffat Naseem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biogeosciences
Chemical industry
DDE
Dieldrin
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Endosulfan
Endrin
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environmental quality
Environmental science
Environmental Science and Engineering
Exact sciences and technology
Fodder
Geochemistry
Geology
Heptachlor
Hexachlorocyclohexane
Hydrology/Water Resources
Lindane
Metabolites
Nitrous oxide
Organic compounds
Organochlorine pesticides
Original Article
Pesticides
Pollution, environment geology
Rice fields
Sediment samplers
Sediments
Soil and rock geochemistry
Soil pollution
Soil surfaces
Soils
Surficial geology
Terrestrial Pollution
Waste disposal
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Summary:Surface soil and sediment samples were collected from the surroundings of the Ittehad Chemical Industries Kalashah Kaku industrial zone to assess residual level of 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and identify their sources. DDTs and HCHs were most prevalent OCPs and general pattern of contamination followed the order: ∑DDT > ∑HCH > dicofol > endrin > heptachlor > dieldrin > endosulfan II. Total measured concentrations of HCHs (6.38–121.71 ng/g) and DDTs (759.65–1811.98 ng/g) were greater in the soil samples collected from fodder/rice fields irrigated with the factory effluents and in the surrounding of waste disposal site. Ratios of β to γ -HCH highlighted an old mixed source of technical HCH and lindane in surface soils. Predominance of p , p ′-DDT and p , p ′-DDE among isomers and metabolites showed that large quantity of technical grade DDT is still present in the surrounding surface soils. Six soil samples were categorized as heavy polluted soils (class III category of DDT > 1,000 ng/g), two soil samples into less polluted soil between class I and II (50–500 ng/g) and 28 soil samples as non-polluted (
ISSN:1866-6280
1866-6299
DOI:10.1007/s12665-010-0618-z