Classification of normal and dysphagic swallows by acoustical means

This paper proposes a noninvasive, acoustic-based method to differentiate between individuals with and without dysphagia or swallowing dysfunction. Swallowing sound signals, both normal and abnormal (i.e., at risk of some degree of dysphagia) were recorded with accelerometers over the trachea. Segme...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering 2004-12, Vol.51 (12), p.2103-2112
Main Authors: Lazareck, L.J., Moussavi, Z.M.K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accelerometers
Adolescent
Adult
Algorithms
Auscultation - methods
Birth disorders
Child
Child, Preschool
Classification
Deglutition
Deglutition Disorders - diagnosis
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods
Discriminant Analysis
Dysphagia
Esophagus
Feature extraction
Female
Gold
Humans
Liquids
Male
Middle Aged
Mouth
Neck
Pattern Recognition, Automated - methods
Reproducibility of Results
segmentation
Sensitivity and Specificity
Signal analysis
Studies
swallowing
System testing
Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial - methods
waveform dimension
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Summary:This paper proposes a noninvasive, acoustic-based method to differentiate between individuals with and without dysphagia or swallowing dysfunction. Swallowing sound signals, both normal and abnormal (i.e., at risk of some degree of dysphagia) were recorded with accelerometers over the trachea. Segmentation based on waveform dimension trajectory (a distance-based technique) was developed to segment the nonstationary swallowing sound signals. Two characteristic sections emerged, Opening and Transmission, and 24 characteristic features were extracted and subsequently reduced via discriminant analysis. A discriminant algorithm was also employed for classification, with the system trained and tested using the leave-one-out approach. Overall, 350 signals were used from three bolus consistencies (semisolid, thick and thin liquids). A final screening algorithm correctly classified 13 of 15 control subjects and 11 of 11 subjects with some degree of dysphagia and/or neurological impairments. The proposed method has great potential to reduce the need for videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (the current gold standard method for swallowing assessment, which is invasive and nonportable) and to assist in the overall clinical assessment of swallowing sound signals.
ISSN:0018-9294
1558-2531
DOI:10.1109/TBME.2004.836504