A Novel "By Difference" Method for Assessing Dermal Absorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Soil at Federal Contaminated Sites

A highly precautionary cost-effective method for estimating dermal absorption using data from 24-h skin soap washes from in vitro dermal absorption tests in Bronaugh flow-through diffusion cells with human skin is reported. Skin was dosed with 16 U.S. Environmental Protection (EPA) priority polycycl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Part A, 2011-01, Vol.74 (19), p.1294-1303
Main Authors: Moody, Richard P., Tytchino, Andrey V., Yip, Anna, Petrovic, Sanya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
British Columbia
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Contamination
Dermal absorption
Ecotoxicology - methods
Environmental Exposure
Environmental Pollution
Evaporative
Female
Human exposure
Humans
In vitro testing
Pilot Projects
Polyallylamine hydrochloride
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - pharmacokinetics
Reproducibility of Results
Skin
Skin - chemistry
Skin - metabolism
Skin Absorption
Soaps
Soil (material)
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soil Pollutants - isolation & purification
Soil Pollutants - pharmacokinetics
Soils
Surface Properties
Toxicology
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Summary:A highly precautionary cost-effective method for estimating dermal absorption using data from 24-h skin soap washes from in vitro dermal absorption tests in Bronaugh flow-through diffusion cells with human skin is reported. Skin was dosed with 16 U.S. Environmental Protection (EPA) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) applied in mixture each at 2 μg/ml (ppm) in acetone without soil. Concurrent tests were conducted with an unspiked aqueous suspension of PAH-contaminated soil obtained from a Canadian federal contaminated site. Percentage dermal absorption was estimated "by difference" from the applied dose and that detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 24-h skin soap washes. The dermal absorption for 11 PAH ranged from 71 to 88.3% without and with soil, respectively. Lower absorption was found for 5 PAH in soil, in the range of 26.4 to 60.8%. Data could not be corrected for evaporative loss due to inconsistent data from Tenax adsorbent. Corroboratory gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) tests are needed. Previously published in vitro data from the authors' laboratory supported use of the "by difference" method.
ISSN:1528-7394
1087-2620
2381-3504
DOI:10.1080/15287394.2011.589104