Performance characterization of FPGA techniques for calibration and beamforming in smart antenna applications

A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation is presented for a smart antenna application employing digital beamforming. The digital beamforming is performed at the RF signal carrier frequency by means of bandpass (IF) sampling, using high-speed 8-b analog-to-digital converters. The digital...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 2002-12, Vol.50 (12), p.3043-3051
Main Authors: Nuteson, T.W., Stocker, J.E., Clark, J.S., Haque, D.S., Mitchell, G.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analog-digital conversion
Antenna arrays
Antennas
Array signal processing
Beamforming
Calibration
Carrier frequencies
Digital
Field programmable analog arrays
Field programmable gate arrays
Frequency conversion
High speed
L-band
Microwaves
Phased arrays
Signal sampling
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Summary:A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation is presented for a smart antenna application employing digital beamforming. The digital beamforming is performed at the RF signal carrier frequency by means of bandpass (IF) sampling, using high-speed 8-b analog-to-digital converters. The digital phased array receiver presented in this paper consists of an eight-channel system with back-end FPGAs for calibration and digital beamforming processing. The system operates in the L-band (1.8-2 GHz) with various bandwidths depending on the application and FPGA processing requirements. This paper focuses on two main topics, calibration methodologies and FPGA implementation for calibration and digital beamforming, and includes several performance trades. Results presented include real measured data that were collected with the system and processed via FPGAs.
ISSN:0018-9480
1557-9670
DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2002.805151