Efficacy and Adverse Effects of the Antiviral Compound Plerixafor in Feline Immunodeficiency Virus‐Infected Cats

Background Bicyclam derivatives inhibit feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) replication through selective blockage of chemokine receptor CXCR4. Hypothesis/Objectives CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor (AMD3100, 1,1′‐bis‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradekan) alone or combination with adefovir (PMEA, 9‐(2‐phosph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of veterinary internal medicine 2012-05, Vol.26 (3), p.483-490
Main Authors: Hartmann, K., Stengel, C., Klein, D., Egberink, H., Balzarini, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenine - analogs & derivatives
Adenine - therapeutic use
AMD3100
Animals
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Bicyclam
Blood Cell Count - veterinary
Cats
CXCR4
Double-Blind Method
Drug Therapy, Combination - veterinary
Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - virology
Female
FIV
Heterocyclic Compounds - therapeutic use
Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline - physiology
Male
Organophosphonates - therapeutic use
Prospective Studies
Receptors, CXCR4 - antagonists & inhibitors
Statistics, Nonparametric
Viral Load - veterinary
Virus Replication - drug effects
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Summary:Background Bicyclam derivatives inhibit feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) replication through selective blockage of chemokine receptor CXCR4. Hypothesis/Objectives CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor (AMD3100, 1,1′‐bis‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradekan) alone or combination with adefovir (PMEA, 9‐(2‐phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine) safe and effective for treating FIV‐infected cats. Animals Forty naturally FIV‐infected, privately owned cats. Materials and Methods Prospective, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind clinical trial. Cats randomly classified into 4 treatment groups. Received AMD3100, PMEA, AMD3100 in combination with PMEA, or placebo for 6 weeks. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts, FIV proviral and viral load measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) evaluated. Additionally, FIV isolates from cats treated with AMD3100 tested for drug resistance. Results FIV‐infected cats treated with AMD3100 caused significant decrease in proviral load compared to placebo group (2.3 ± 3.8% to 1.9 ± 3.1%, of blood lymphocytes P 
ISSN:0891-6640
1939-1676
DOI:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00904.x