Photorespiration and the evolution of C4 photosynthesis

C(4) photosynthesis is one of the most convergent evolutionary phenomena in the biological world, with at least 66 independent origins. Evidence from these lineages consistently indicates that the C(4) pathway is the end result of a series of evolutionary modifications to recover photorespired CO(2)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of plant biology 2012, Vol.63, p.19-47
Main Authors: Sage, Rowan F, Sage, Tammy L, Kocacinar, Ferit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological Evolution
Carbon - metabolism
Carbon Dioxide - metabolism
Carbon Isotopes - analysis
Cell Respiration - physiology
Chenopodiaceae - classification
Climate Change
Ecosystem
Fossils
Magnoliopsida - classification
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Oxygen - metabolism
Oxygenation
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - physiology
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plants - classification
Plants - metabolism
Poaceae - classification
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase - metabolism
Space life sciences
Species Specificity
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Summary:C(4) photosynthesis is one of the most convergent evolutionary phenomena in the biological world, with at least 66 independent origins. Evidence from these lineages consistently indicates that the C(4) pathway is the end result of a series of evolutionary modifications to recover photorespired CO(2) in environments where RuBisCO oxygenation is high. Phylogenetically informed research indicates that the repositioning of mitochondria in the bundle sheath is one of the earliest steps in C(4) evolution, as it may establish a single-celled mechanism to scavenge photorespired CO(2) produced in the bundle sheath cells. Elaboration of this mechanism leads to the two-celled photorespiratory concentration mechanism known as C(2) photosynthesis (commonly observed in C(3)-C(4) intermediate species) and then to C(4) photosynthesis following the upregulation of a C(4) metabolic cycle.
ISSN:1543-5008
1545-2123
DOI:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042811-105511