Chronic Kidney Disease, Dyslipidemia, and Atherosclerosis

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk not only for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) but also for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review article, we summarize the current evidence of CKD as a high-risk condition for CVD based on reports from Japan and other countrie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 2012, Vol.19(4), pp.299-315
Main Authors: Shoji, Tetsuo, Abe, Takaaki, Matsuo, Hiroshi, Egusa, Genshi, Yamasaki, Yoshimitsu, Kashihara, Naoki, Shirai, Kohji, Kashiwagi, Atsunori
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - complications
Atherosclerosis - epidemiology
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Dyslipidemia
Dyslipidemias - complications
Dyslipidemias - epidemiology
Female
Humans
Japan - epidemiology
Kidney Failure, Chronic - complications
Kidney Failure, Chronic - epidemiology
Kidney Failure, Chronic - physiopathology
Male
Risk Factors
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Summary:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk not only for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) but also for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review article, we summarize the current evidence of CKD as a high-risk condition for CVD based on reports from Japan and other countries to draw attention to the close clinical association between CKD and CVD. Several epidemiologic studies have shown that the presence of CKD and reduced renal function are independent predictors of CVD also in Japan. According to a post-hoc analysis of CASE-J, the power of CKD as a predictor of CVD is as strong as diabetes mellitus and a previous history of ischemic heart disease. CKD worsens classical risk factors including hypertension and dyslipidemia, and dyslipidemia is associated with increased thickness and stiffness of large arteries independent of major confounders. A post-hoc analysis of MEGA indicates that lipid-lowering therapy with statins reduces the risk of CVD, and that it appears to be more efficacious in patients with than without CKD. These reports from Japan and other countries suggest that CKD should be regarded as a high-risk condition comparable to diabetes mellitus, and that strict control of dyslipidemia would be beneficial in preventing CVD, at least early stages of CKD.
ISSN:1340-3478
1880-3873
DOI:10.5551/jat.10454