Molecular analysis of the bacterial communities in the live Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the influence of postharvest temperature on its structure

• Published in: Journal of applied microbiology 2012-06, Vol.112 (6), p.1134-1143
• Main Authors: Fernandez‐Piquer, J, Bowman, J.P, Ross, T, Tamplin, M.L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 16S rRNA; Animals; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; bacterial communities; bacterial community analysis; Biological and medical sciences; clone library; clones; Crassostrea - microbiology; Crassostrea gigas; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fusobacteria; Gene Library; Humans; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; oysters; Pacific oyster; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Polynucleobacter; restriction fragment length polymorphism; RNA, Bacterial - genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Shellfish - microbiology; storage temperature; T-RFLP; Temperature
• ISSN: 1364-5072; 1365-2672
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05287.x

Aims: To evaluate the effect of postharvest temperature on bacterial communities in live Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) using nonculture‐based methods. Methods and Results: Live oysters were compared before and after storage at 4, 6, 15, 20 and 30°C using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T‐RFLP). Bacterial communities in freshly harvested (control) vs stored oysters were significantly different. Changes in bacterial communities at 4, 15 and 30°C observed by T‐RFLP were further investigated by clone library analysis. Members of the Proteobacteria predominated (43·0–57·0% of clones) in control oysters, while storage altered the bacterial profile. At 4°C, Psychrilyobacter spp. (phylum Fusobacteria) predominated (43·8% of clones), while at 15 and 30°C, members of the phylum Bacteroidetes represented 63·0 and 60·2% of clones, respectively. High microbial diversity in oysters was observed, with at least 73 different genera‐related clones among all samples. Conclusions: Changes in the overall bacterial community of Pacific oysters were influenced by storage temperature and would likely not be detected by standard culture‐based methods currently used to assess oyster quality. Certain dominant genera, such as Psychrilyobacter, Polynucleobacter and a bacterial group related to Alkaliflexus, should be further studied as possible indicators for postharvest temperature control. Significance and Impact of the Study: This work is the first report describing the effect of different storage temperatures on bacterial diversity in postharvest live Pacific oysters using molecular‐based methods.