Cooperate concept of metastasis: site-specific requirement of activated differentiation and dynamic deterioration

Cancer metastasis results from positive and negative cellular events such as constitutive activation of oncogenes (cOA) or genetic losses (GL) being modulated by downstream signals of epithelial–mesenchymal or mesenchymal–epithelial transition, thus constituting master programs of metastatic phenoty...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer and metastasis reviews 2012-06, Vol.31 (1-2), p.269-276
Main Authors: Wilmanns, C., Steinhauer, S., Großmann, J., Schmitt-Gräff, A., Ruf, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cadherins - genetics
Cadherins - metabolism
Cancer Research
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Colon cancer
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition - genetics
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Humans
Medical sciences
Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis - genetics
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - pathology
Non-Thematic Review
Oncogenes
Oncology
Phenotype
Signal Transduction
Stem cells
Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus
Tumors
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Summary:Cancer metastasis results from positive and negative cellular events such as constitutive activation of oncogenes (cOA) or genetic losses (GL) being modulated by downstream signals of epithelial–mesenchymal or mesenchymal–epithelial transition, thus constituting master programs of metastatic phenotype and site specificity. To address the complex nature of these programs, we introduced clinical and phenotypic markers like tumor size, grade, cellular shape, or expression of E-cadherin in 27 colon cancer (CC) patients (cOA and GL), and 41 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST, cOA) to produce scores of cOA and GL. Scores of cOA were highest in case of hepatic and lower in case of an isolated peritoneal spread (GIST), or (CC) of both, cOA and GL, highest in case of a combined hepatic and peritoneal spread and lower in case of an isolated peritoneal spread; but in case of an isolated hepatic spread, scores of cOA were high and low of GL. This indicates a differential contribution of cellular dissociation and recognition in site-specific metastasis, of cOA predominantly in production of hepatic and in the case of GL of serosal spread.
ISSN:0167-7659
1573-7233
DOI:10.1007/s10555-012-9350-3