Impact of psychotropic drugs on adult hippocampal neurogenesis

► We review the effect of psychotropic drugs on neurogenesis in humans and animals. ► Opiates and stimulants decreased neurogenesis and impaired cognitive function. ► Ketamine increased neurogenesis and decreased cognitive function. ► Drug induced neurogenesis is connected to emotive state. This rev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience research 2012-06, Vol.73 (2), p.93-98
Main Authors: Kubesova, Anna, Bubenikova-Valesova, Vera, Mertlova, Marketa, Palenicek, Tomas, Horacek, Jiri
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult neurogenesis
Aging - drug effects
Aging - physiology
Animals
Antagonists
Antidepressants
Anxiety
Cell proliferation
Cognition - drug effects
Cognition - physiology
Cognitive ability
Cognitive function
Depression
Drugs
Emotions - drug effects
Emotions - physiology
Glutamic acid receptors (ionotropic)
Hippocampus
Hippocampus - cytology
Hippocampus - drug effects
Hippocampus - physiology
Humans
Learning
Memory
N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors
Nervous system
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis - drug effects
Neurogenesis - physiology
Opiates
Psychotropic drugs
Psychotropic Drugs - pharmacology
Receptor mechanisms
Stimulants
Withdrawal
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Summary:► We review the effect of psychotropic drugs on neurogenesis in humans and animals. ► Opiates and stimulants decreased neurogenesis and impaired cognitive function. ► Ketamine increased neurogenesis and decreased cognitive function. ► Drug induced neurogenesis is connected to emotive state. This review focuses on the relationship between psychotropic drugs and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Adult neurogenesis is important for learning and memory, as well as for depression and anxiety. There is some evidence that chronic treatment with opiates, stimulants and entactogens decreases neurogenesis and consequently impairs cognitive function, as well as inducing depressive-like behaviour in animals during drug withdrawal. On the other hand, NMDA receptor antagonists increase neurogenesis, but negatively affect cognitive function and have an antidepressant-like profile. We suggest that drug-induced changes in neurogenesis have a greater and more concise effect on emotive state reflecting the direction of influencing new cells proliferation than the performance of cognitive tasks. In this review we provide some evidence for this assumption.
ISSN:0168-0102
1872-8111
DOI:10.1016/j.neures.2012.02.014