Mast cells: an expanding pathophysiological role from allergy to other disorders

The mast cells are multi-effector cells with wide distribution in the different body parts and traditionally their role has been well-defined in the development of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions including bronchial asthma. Due to the availability of genetically modified mast cell-deficient...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2012-07, Vol.385 (7), p.657-670
Main Authors: Anand, Preet, Singh, Baldev, Jaggi, Amteshwar Singh, Singh, Nirmal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer Disease - immunology
Animals
Anxiety - immunology
Atherosclerosis - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Humans
Hypersensitivity - immunology
Hypertension, Pulmonary - immunology
Infertility, Male - immunology
Intestinal Diseases - immunology
Male
Mast Cells - immunology
Neoplasms - immunology
Neurosciences
Pain - immunology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Reperfusion Injury - immunology
Review
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Summary:The mast cells are multi-effector cells with wide distribution in the different body parts and traditionally their role has been well-defined in the development of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions including bronchial asthma. Due to the availability of genetically modified mast cell-deficient mice, the broadened pathophysiological role of mast cells in diverse diseases has been revealed. Mast cells exert different physiological and pathophysiological roles by secreting their granular contents, including vasoactive amines, cytokines and chemokines, and various proteases, including tryptase and chymase. Furthermore, mast cells also synthesize plasma membrane-derived lipid mediators, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, to produce diverse biological actions. The present review discusses the pathophysiological role of mast cells in different diseases, including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, ischemia-reperfusion injury, male infertility, autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, bladder pain syndrome (interstitial cystitis), anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, nociception, obesity and diabetes mellitus.
ISSN:0028-1298
1432-1912
DOI:10.1007/s00210-012-0757-8