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Phytanic acid disturbs mitochondrial homeostasis in heart of young rats: a possible pathomechanism of cardiomyopathy in Refsum disease

Phytanic acid (Phyt) accumulates in tissues and biological fluids of patients affected by Refsum disease. Although cardiomyopathy is an important clinical manifestation of this disorder, the mechanisms of heart damage are poorly known. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of Ph...

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Published in:Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2012-07, Vol.366 (1-2), p.335-343
Main Authors: Grings, Mateus, Tonin, Anelise Miotti, Knebel, Lisiane Aurélio, Zanatta, Ângela, Moura, Alana Pimentel, Filho, Carlos Severo Dutra, Wajner, Moacir, Leipnitz, Guilhian
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container_title Molecular and cellular biochemistry
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creator Grings, Mateus
Tonin, Anelise Miotti
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Leipnitz, Guilhian
description Phytanic acid (Phyt) accumulates in tissues and biological fluids of patients affected by Refsum disease. Although cardiomyopathy is an important clinical manifestation of this disorder, the mechanisms of heart damage are poorly known. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of Phyt on important parameters of oxidative stress in heart of young rats. Phyt significantly increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels ( P  
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11010-012-1311-1
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Although cardiomyopathy is an important clinical manifestation of this disorder, the mechanisms of heart damage are poorly known. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of Phyt on important parameters of oxidative stress in heart of young rats. Phyt significantly increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels ( P  &lt; 0.001) and carbonyl formation ( P  &lt; 0.01), indicating that this fatty acid induces lipid and protein oxidative damage, respectively. In contrast, Phyt did not alter sulfhydryl oxidation. Phyt also decreased glutathione (GSH) concentrations ( P  &lt; 0.05), an important non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. Moreover, Phyt increased 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation (DCFH) ( P  &lt; 0.01), reflecting increased reactive species generation. We also found that the induced lipid and protein oxidative damage, as well as the decreased GSH levels and increased DCFH oxidation provoked by this fatty acid were prevented or attenuated by the reactive oxygen species scavengers melatonin, trolox, and GSH, but not by the nitric oxide inhibitor n ω -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester, suggesting that reactive oxygen species were involved in these effects. Next, we verified that Phyt strongly inhibited NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex I–III) activity ( P  &lt; 0.001) in heart supernatants, and decreased membrane potential and the NAD(P)H pool in heart mitochondria, indicating that Phyt acts as a metabolic inhibitor and as an uncoupler of the electron transport chain. Therefore, it can be presumed that disturbance of cellular energy and redox homeostasis induced by Phyt may possibly contribute to the cardiomyopathy found in patients affected by Refsum disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0300-8177</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-4919</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1311-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22527938</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: Springer US</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Biochemistry ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Carbonyl compounds ; Cardiology ; Cardiomyopathies - metabolism ; Cardiomyopathy ; Chromans - pharmacology ; Cytochrome c ; Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins - metabolism ; Fatty acids ; Glutathione - pharmacology ; Heart ; Heart diseases ; Homeostasis ; Homeostasis - drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Life Sciences ; Male ; Medical Biochemistry ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondria, Heart - drug effects ; Mitochondria, Heart - metabolism ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Myocardium - metabolism ; Myocardium - pathology ; NADP - metabolism ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester - pharmacology ; Nitric oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase - antagonists &amp; inhibitors ; Nitrogen oxide ; Oncology ; Oxidation ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Phytanic Acid - pharmacology ; Protein Carbonylation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Refsum Disease - metabolism ; Rodents ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2012-07, Vol.366 (1-2), p.335-343</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 2012</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Springer</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-cd8aadac78a6c777b0919225e14d22e063ccb768d8f42e43c34da1cb937e7c333</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-cd8aadac78a6c777b0919225e14d22e063ccb768d8f42e43c34da1cb937e7c333</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22527938$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Grings, Mateus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tonin, Anelise Miotti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knebel, Lisiane Aurélio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zanatta, Ângela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moura, Alana Pimentel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Filho, Carlos Severo Dutra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wajner, Moacir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leipnitz, Guilhian</creatorcontrib><title>Phytanic acid disturbs mitochondrial homeostasis in heart of young rats: a possible pathomechanism of cardiomyopathy in Refsum disease</title><title>Molecular and cellular biochemistry</title><addtitle>Mol Cell Biochem</addtitle><addtitle>Mol Cell Biochem</addtitle><description>Phytanic acid (Phyt) accumulates in tissues and biological fluids of patients affected by Refsum disease. Although cardiomyopathy is an important clinical manifestation of this disorder, the mechanisms of heart damage are poorly known. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of Phyt on important parameters of oxidative stress in heart of young rats. Phyt significantly increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels ( P  &lt; 0.001) and carbonyl formation ( P  &lt; 0.01), indicating that this fatty acid induces lipid and protein oxidative damage, respectively. In contrast, Phyt did not alter sulfhydryl oxidation. Phyt also decreased glutathione (GSH) concentrations ( P  &lt; 0.05), an important non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. Moreover, Phyt increased 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation (DCFH) ( P  &lt; 0.01), reflecting increased reactive species generation. 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Although cardiomyopathy is an important clinical manifestation of this disorder, the mechanisms of heart damage are poorly known. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of Phyt on important parameters of oxidative stress in heart of young rats. Phyt significantly increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels ( P  &lt; 0.001) and carbonyl formation ( P  &lt; 0.01), indicating that this fatty acid induces lipid and protein oxidative damage, respectively. In contrast, Phyt did not alter sulfhydryl oxidation. Phyt also decreased glutathione (GSH) concentrations ( P  &lt; 0.05), an important non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. Moreover, Phyt increased 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation (DCFH) ( P  &lt; 0.01), reflecting increased reactive species generation. We also found that the induced lipid and protein oxidative damage, as well as the decreased GSH levels and increased DCFH oxidation provoked by this fatty acid were prevented or attenuated by the reactive oxygen species scavengers melatonin, trolox, and GSH, but not by the nitric oxide inhibitor n ω -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester, suggesting that reactive oxygen species were involved in these effects. Next, we verified that Phyt strongly inhibited NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex I–III) activity ( P  &lt; 0.001) in heart supernatants, and decreased membrane potential and the NAD(P)H pool in heart mitochondria, indicating that Phyt acts as a metabolic inhibitor and as an uncoupler of the electron transport chain. Therefore, it can be presumed that disturbance of cellular energy and redox homeostasis induced by Phyt may possibly contribute to the cardiomyopathy found in patients affected by Refsum disease.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>22527938</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11010-012-1311-1</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Animals
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carbonyl compounds
Cardiology
Cardiomyopathies - metabolism
Cardiomyopathy
Chromans - pharmacology
Cytochrome c
Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins - metabolism
Fatty acids
Glutathione - pharmacology
Heart
Heart diseases
Homeostasis
Homeostasis - drug effects
In Vitro Techniques
Life Sciences
Male
Medical Biochemistry
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
Mitochondria
Mitochondria, Heart - drug effects
Mitochondria, Heart - metabolism
Mitochondrial DNA
Myocardium - metabolism
Myocardium - pathology
NADP - metabolism
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester - pharmacology
Nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide Synthase - antagonists & inhibitors
Nitrogen oxide
Oncology
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative Stress
Phytanic Acid - pharmacology
Protein Carbonylation
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Refsum Disease - metabolism
Rodents
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism
title Phytanic acid disturbs mitochondrial homeostasis in heart of young rats: a possible pathomechanism of cardiomyopathy in Refsum disease
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