The immune marker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor is associated with new-onset diabetes in non-smoking women and men

• Published in: Diabetic medicine 2012-04, Vol.29 (4), p.479-487
• Main Authors: Haugaard, S. B., Andersen, O., Hansen, T. W., Eugen-Olsen, J., Linneberg, A., Madsbad, S., Olsen, M. H., Jørgensen, T., Borch-Johnsen, K., Jeppesen, J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Age Factors; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - blood; C-reactive protein; Cohort Studies; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Fasting; Fatty acids; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glucose; Humans; immune function; Immune response; incident diabetes; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators - blood; Insulin; insulin resistance; Leukocytes; low-grade inflammation; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; plasminogen; Prognosis; Receptor mechanisms; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator - blood; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator - immunology; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Smoking; soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor; u-Plasminogen activator; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Vertebrates: endocrinology
• ISSN: 0742-3071; 1464-5491
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03513.x

Diabet. Med. 29, 479–487 (2012) Aim  To explore the putative association of new‐onset diabetes and the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), which is a new and stable plasma marker of immune function and low‐grade inflammation. This association has been previously suggested by using the less sensitive International Classification of Disease system to detect incident diabetes in the Danish MONICA 10 cohort. Methods  The Danish National Diabetes Register enabled more accurate identification of incident diabetes during a median follow‐up of 13.8 years in the Danish MONICA 10 cohort (n = 2353 generally healthy individuals). The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor was measured by the ELISA method. To fulfil model assumptions, outcome analyses were stratified by age, and further by smoking, owing to the interaction between the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and smoking on new‐onset diabetes (P