Seasonal vegetative and affective symptoms in the Finnish general population: Testing the dual vulnerability and latitude effect hypotheses

Background: Prior studies identified a seasonal pattern in symptoms of depression in clinical and population-based samples. The aims of our study were to estimate the prevalence rates of routine seasonal variations in mood and behavior and of current depressive symptoms in the Finnish general popula...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nordic journal of psychiatry 2009, Vol.63 (5), p.397-404
Main Authors: Grimaldi, Sharon, Partonen, Timo, Haukka, Jari, Aromaa, Arpo, Lönnqvist, Jouko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Affect
Affective
Affective Symptoms
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Depression
Depression dual vulnerability hypothesis
Depressive Disorder - diagnosis
Depressive Disorder - epidemiology
Female
Finland - epidemiology
Humans
Latitude
Male
Middle Aged
Personality Inventory
Prevalence
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales - statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Seasonal
Seasonal Affective Disorder - diagnosis
Seasonal Affective Disorder - epidemiology
Seasonal Affective Disorder - psychology
Seasons
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vegetative
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Summary:Background: Prior studies identified a seasonal pattern in symptoms of depression in clinical and population-based samples. The aims of our study were to estimate the prevalence rates of routine seasonal variations in mood and behavior and of current depressive symptoms in the Finnish general population over 30 years, and to find differences, if any, between the northern and southern regions of residence. Methods: 5749 participants aged 30-97 (3156 women and 2593 men) were interviewed face to face and attended a health status examination. We included the modified Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire and the modified Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for the analysis. Results: 85% of the sample, representative of a general population, had seasonal variations in mood and behavior; 9% of the sample scored high on both scales, thus having the routine seasonal variations together with a current self-report of winter depression. Scoring high on the former scale yielded the odds ratio of 3.12 for scoring high on the BDI. Neither the global seasonality score nor the BDI sum score was associated with latitude. No significant differences in affective symptoms were found by the latitude. The seasonal variation in sleep duration (P
ISSN:0803-9488
1502-4725
DOI:10.1080/08039480902878729