Migration of natural estrogens around a concentrated dairy-feeding operation

Concentrated animal feeding operations have been recognized as one of the most important contributors of natural estrogens which show significant endocrine-disrupting properties in aquatic environments. In this study, the concentrations of 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), 17β-estradiol (17β-E2), estrone (E1)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2012-08, Vol.184 (8), p.5035-5041
Main Authors: Li, Yan-xia, Han, Wei, Yang, Ming, Feng, Cheng-hong, Lu, Xiao-fei, Zhang, Feng-song
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural land
Aquatic environment
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Canals
Dairy farms
Dairying
Drainage
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Effluents
Endocrine Disruptors - analysis
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Pollutants - analysis
Estradiol - analysis
Estriol - analysis
Estrogens
Estrogens - analysis
Estrone - analysis
Factory farming
Gas chromatography
Groundwater
Groundwater - chemistry
Groundwater pollution
Investigations
Irrigation
Kinetics
Laboratories
Manures
Mass spectrometry
Models, Chemical
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Sediments
Soil - chemistry
Studies
Waste lagoons
Water analysis
Water sampling
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Summary:Concentrated animal feeding operations have been recognized as one of the most important contributors of natural estrogens which show significant endocrine-disrupting properties in aquatic environments. In this study, the concentrations of 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), 17β-estradiol (17β-E2), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3) in several matrices, including soils (surface and deep), sediments (surface and deep), and groundwaters, around a typical dairy farm were surveyed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Of the two farmlands, surface and subsurface sediments in waste lagoon and along effluent drainage drench, the concentrations of 17α-E2, 17β-E2, and E1 ranged from below detection limit to the highest level of 6.60 μg/kg, except that E3 was not detectable. Three estrogens of 17α-E2, 17β-E2, and E1 with the concentrations of 3.18–31.61 ng/L were observed in two groundwater samples. The results clearly demonstrated the vertical migration and horizontal transport of estrogens in the investigated area. Within 750-m distance, it was observed the attenuation of 17α-E2, 17β-E2, and E1 along the effluent route and the horizontal migration of estrogens was less than 1,350 m in this survey.
ISSN:0167-6369
1573-2959
DOI:10.1007/s10661-011-2319-9