The Involvement of O-Antigen Polysaccharide in Lipopolysaccharide in Macrophage Activation

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is generally considered to be an endotoxin, is the major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The structure of LPS consists of three regions; lipid A, core oligosaccharide and O-antigen polysaccharide (O-PS). The structures of lipid A...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anticancer research 2012-06, Vol.32 (6), p.2337-2341
Main Authors: SHIMADA, Misato, KADOWAKI, Takeshi, TANIGUCHI, Yoshie, INAGAWA, Hiroyuki, OKAZAKI, Kathuichiro, SOMA, Gen-Ichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Cell activation
Drug development
Endotoxins
Gram-negative bacteria
Humans
Lipid A
Lipopolysaccharides
Macrophage Activation - immunology
Macrophages
Macrophages - immunology
Medical sciences
O Antigens - chemistry
O Antigens - immunology
oligosaccharides
Outer membranes
Polysaccharides
Reviews
Tumors
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Summary:Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is generally considered to be an endotoxin, is the major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The structure of LPS consists of three regions; lipid A, core oligosaccharide and O-antigen polysaccharide (O-PS). The structures of lipid A and core oligosaccharide are highly conserved among bacterial genera, but that of O-PS varies and differs in common bacterial species. Although studies of the biological activities of LPS have mainly focused on the lipid A moiety, a recent study gradually clarified the importance of O-PS to elicit the biological activities. In this review, we summarize previous studies on the correlation between the structure of O-PS and the biological activity of LPS, and discuss the possibility of innovative drug development using modified and synthetic LPS.
ISSN:0250-7005
1791-7530