Possible Role of Exosomes Containing RNA in Mediating Nontargeted Effect of Ionizing Radiation

Communication between irradiated and un-irradiated (bystander) cells can cause damage in cells that are not directly targeted by ionizing radiation, a process known as the bystander effect. Bystander effects can also lead to chromosomal/genomic instability within the progeny of bystander cells, simi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Radiation research 2012-05, Vol.177 (5), p.539-545
Main Authors: Al-Mayah, Ammar H. J., Irons, Sarah L., Pink, Ryan C., Carter, David R. F., Kadhim, Munira A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenocarcinoma - pathology
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Bystander Effect - physiology
Cell communication
Cell interactions
Cell Line, Tumor - radiation effects
Cell Line, Tumor - ultrastructure
Cell lines
Chromosome Breakage
Chromosomes, Human - radiation effects
Comet Assay
Comets
Culture Media, Conditioned
DNA Damage
Epithelial Cells - radiation effects
Epithelial Cells - ultrastructure
Exosomes
Exosomes - chemistry
Exosomes - physiology
Female
Gamma Rays - adverse effects
Genomic Instability
Humans
Irradiation
MicroRNA
Microscopy, Electron
Radiation damage
REGULAR ARTICLES
Ribonuclease, Pancreatic - pharmacology
RNA
RNA - genetics
Space life sciences
Ultracentrifugation
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Communication between irradiated and un-irradiated (bystander) cells can cause damage in cells that are not directly targeted by ionizing radiation, a process known as the bystander effect. Bystander effects can also lead to chromosomal/genomic instability within the progeny of bystander cells, similar to the progeny of directly irradiated cells. The factors that mediate this cellular communication can be transferred between cells via gap junctions or released into the extracellular media following irradiation, but their nature has not been fully characterized. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the bystander effect mediator contains an RNA molecule that may be carried by exosomes. MCF7 cells were irradiated with 2 Gy of X rays and the extracellular media was harvested. RNase treatment abrogated the ability of the media to induce early and late chromosomal damage in bystander cells. Furthermore, treatment of bystander cells with exosomes isolated from this media increased the levels of genomic damage. These results suggest that the bystander effect, and genomic instability, are at least in part mediated by exosomes and implicate a role for RNA.
ISSN:0033-7587
1938-5404
DOI:10.1667/RR2868.1