Phytoremediation of 2,4-dichlorophenol using wild type and transgenic tobacco plants

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2012-07, Vol.19 (6), p.2202-2211
• Main Authors: Talano, Melina A., Busso, Débora C., Paisio, Cintia E., González, Paola S., Purro, Silvia A., Medina, María I., Agostini, Elizabeth
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2,4-Dichlorophenol; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biodegradation, Environmental; Blotting, Northern; Chlorophenols - metabolism; Degradation products; Developmental stages; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Efficiency; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Enzymes; Germination; Germination - drug effects; Nicotiana - drug effects; Nicotiana - genetics; Nicotiana - growth & development; Nicotiana - metabolism; Peroxidase - genetics; Peroxidase - metabolism; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phytoremediation; Plants, Genetically Modified - drug effects; Plants, Genetically Modified - growth & development; Plants, Genetically Modified - metabolism; Pollutants; Research Article; Seedlings; Seeds; Studies; Tobacco; Toxicity; Transgenes; Transgenic plants; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Wood preservatives
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0724-9

Introduction Transgenic plant strategies based on peroxidase expression or overexpression would be useful for phenolic compound removal since these enzymes play an important role in phenolic polymerizing reactions. Material and methods Thus, double transgenic (DT) plants for basic peroxidases were obtained and characterized in order to compare the tolerance and efficiency for 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) removal with WT and simple transgenic plants expressing TPX1 or TPX2 gene. Several DT plants showed the expression of both transgenes and proteins, as well as increased peroxidase activity. Results DT lines showed higher tolerance to 2,4-DCP at early stage of development since their germination index was higher than that of WT seedlings exposed to 25 mg/L of the pollutant. High 2,4-DCP removal efficiencies were found for WT tobacco plants. TPX1 transgenic plants and DT (line d ) reached slightly higher removal efficiencies for 10 mg/L of 2,4-DCP than WT plants, while DT plants (line A ) showed the highest removal efficiencies (98%). These plants showed an increase of 21% and 14% in 2,4-DCP removal efficiency for solutions containing 10 and 25 mg/L 2,4-DCP, respectively, compared with WT plants. In addition, an almost complete toxicity reduction of postremoval solutions using WT and DT plants was obtained through AMPHITOX test, which indicates that the 2,4-DCP degradation products would be similar for both plants. Conclusion These results are relevant in the field of phytoremediation application and, moreover, they highlight the safety of using DT tobacco plants because nontoxic products were formed after an efficient 2,4-DCP removal.