Efficient two-step entanglement concentration for arbitrary W states

We present two two-step practical entanglement concentration protocols for concentrating an arbitrary three-particle less-entangled W state into a maximally entangled W state assisted with single photons. The first protocol uses the linear optics and the second protocol adopts the cross-Kerr nonline...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Atomic, molecular, and optical physics, 2012-04, Vol.85 (4), Article 042302
Main Authors: Sheng, Yu-Bo, Zhou, Lan, Zhao, Sheng-Mei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Detectors
Entanglement
Nonlinearity
Photons
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Summary:We present two two-step practical entanglement concentration protocols for concentrating an arbitrary three-particle less-entangled W state into a maximally entangled W state assisted with single photons. The first protocol uses the linear optics and the second protocol adopts the cross-Kerr nonlinearity to perform the protocol. In the first protocol, based on the postselection principle, three parties say Alice, Bob, and Charlie in different distant locations can obtain the maximally entangled W state from the arbitrary less-entangled W state with a certain success probability. In the second protocol, the parties are not required to possess the sophisticated single-photon detectors and the concentrated photon pair can be retained after performing this protocol successfully. Moreover, the second protocol can be repeated to get a higher success probability. Both protocols may be useful in practical quantum-information applications.
ISSN:1050-2947
1094-1622
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.85.042302