Synthesis of thoria nanoparticles via the hydrothermal method in supercritical condition

Thorium dioxide (thoria) nano-particle was synthesized by employing supercritical water (SCW) as an excellent reaction environment for hydrothermal crystallization of metal oxide particles. This method is ideal for production of ultrafine powder having controlled stoichiometry, high quality, purity...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials letters 2012-08, Vol.81, p.99-101
Main Authors: Moeini, M., Malekzadeh, A., Ahmadi, S.J., Hosseinpour, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Austenitic stainless steels
Autoclaves
crystal structure
Crystallites
crystallization
equations
gravimetry
Heat resistant steels
Hydrothermal
Mathematical analysis
Nano-crystalline
Nanocrystals
Nanomaterials
nanoparticles
Nanostructure
particle size distribution
stainless steel
stoichiometry
Supercritical water
surface area
Thoria
thorium
Thorium dioxide
transmission electron microscopy
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:Thorium dioxide (thoria) nano-particle was synthesized by employing supercritical water (SCW) as an excellent reaction environment for hydrothermal crystallization of metal oxide particles. This method is ideal for production of ultrafine powder having controlled stoichiometry, high quality, purity and crystallinity. The nano-crystalline thoria was prepared in a stainless steel (316L) autoclave, fed with an aqueous solution of Th(NO3)4.5H2O as a reactant and took place under SCW condition up to 450°C for 45min. The product was recovered and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TG/DTA) and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The crystallite size of the product was calculated by the Scherrer and Williamson–Hall equations and was subsequently measured by the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis. The average size was found to be about less than 27nm with a particle size distribution in the 5–31nm range. ► Thorium oxide ultrafine powders have been synthesized under a green route. ► The advantages of the products are high quality, purity and crystallinity. ► A porous, low-dense structure with a high surface area is formed.
ISSN:0167-577X
1873-4979
DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.125