The three human monocyte subsets: implications for health and disease

Human blood monocytes are heterogeneous and conventionally subdivided into two subsets based on CD16 expression. Recently, the official nomenclature subdivides monocytes into three subsets, the additional subset arising from the segregation of the CD16+ monocytes into two based on relative expressio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunologic research 2012-09, Vol.53 (1-3), p.41-57
Main Authors: Wong, Kok Loon, Yeap, Wei Hseun, Tai, June Jing Yi, Ong, Siew Min, Dang, Truong Minh, Wong, Siew Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergology
Animals
Biomarkers - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Blood
CD14 antigen
CD16 antigen
Cell Separation
Gene expression
Genomes
Genotype & phenotype
Humans
Immune system
Immunology
Internal Medicine
Leukocytes
Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - metabolism
Medicine/Public Health
Monocytes
Monocytes - immunology
Neoplasms - blood supply
Neoplasms - immunology
Neovascularization, Pathologic - immunology
Nomenclature
Receptor, TIE-2 - metabolism
Receptors, IgG - metabolism
Singapore Immunology Network
Tumor Suppressor Proteins - metabolism
Wound Healing - immunology
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Summary:Human blood monocytes are heterogeneous and conventionally subdivided into two subsets based on CD16 expression. Recently, the official nomenclature subdivides monocytes into three subsets, the additional subset arising from the segregation of the CD16+ monocytes into two based on relative expression of CD14. Recent whole genome analysis reveal that specialized functions and phenotypes can be attributed to these newly defined monocyte subsets. In this review, we discuss these recent results, and also the description and utility of this new segregation in several disease conditions. We also discuss alternative markers for segregating the monocyte subsets, for example using Tie-2 and slan, which do not necessarily follow the official method of segregating monocyte subsets based on relative CD14 and CD16 expressions.
ISSN:0257-277X
1559-0755
DOI:10.1007/s12026-012-8297-3