Culture conditions and salt effects on essential oil composition of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) from Tunisia

• Published in: Acta pharmaceutica (Zagreb, Croatia) Croatia), 2012-06, Vol.62 (2), p.251-261
• Main Authors: Baâtour, Olfa, Tarchoune, Imen, Mahmoudi, Hela, Nassri, Nawel, Abidi, Wissal, Kaddour, Rym, Hamdaoui, Ghaith, Nasri-Ayachi, Mouhiba, Lachaâl, Mohtar, Marzouk, Brahim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: culture chamber; Flame Ionization; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; greenhouse; Hydroponics; Monoterpenes - analysis; Monoterpenes - chemistry; Monoterpenes - metabolism; Oils, Volatile - chemistry; Oils, Volatile - isolation & purification; Origanum - chemistry; Origanum - growth & development; Origanum - metabolism; Plant Shoots - chemistry; Plant Shoots - growth & development; Plant Shoots - metabolism; prinos; Quality Control; Salinity; salt; Salt-Tolerant Plants - chemistry; Salt-Tolerant Plants - growth & development; Salt-Tolerant Plants - metabolism; sol; staklenik; Stereoisomerism; Stress, Physiological; Terpenes - analysis; Terpenes - chemistry; Terpenes - metabolism; terpinen-4-ol; Tunisia; uzgojna komora; Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis; Volatile Organic Compounds - chemistry; Volatile Organic Compounds - metabolism; yield
• ISSN: 1330-0075; 1846-9558
• DOI: 10.2478/v10007-012-0019-9

O. majorana shoots were investigated for their essential oil (EO) composition. Two experiments were carried out; the first on hydroponic medium in a culture chamber and the second on inert sand in a greenhouse for 20 days. Plants were cultivated for 17 days in hydroponic medium supplemented with NaCl 100 mmol L-1. The results showed that the O. majorana hydroponic medium offered higher essential oil yield than that from the greenhouse. The latter increased significantly in yield (by 50 %) under saline constraint while it did not change in the culture chamber. Under greenhouse conditions and in the absence of salt treatment, the major constituents were terpinen-4-ol and trans-sabinene hydrate. However, in the culture chamber, the major volatile components were cis-sabinene hydrate and terpinen-4-ol. In the presence of NaCl, new compounds appeared, such as eicosane, spathulenol, eugenol, and phenol. In addition, in the greenhouse, with or without salt, a very important change of trans-sabinene hydrate concentration in EO occurred, whereas in the culture chamber change appeared in cis-sabinene hydrate content. U radu je opisano ispitivanje sastava eteričnog ulja izdanaka biljke O. majorana. Provedena su dva eksperimenta: prvi na hidroponom mediju u komorama za uzgoj, a drugi na inertnom pijesku u stakleniku tijekom 20 dana. Biljke su uzgajane 17 dana u hidroponom mediju u koji je dodan NaCl 100 mmol L-1. Rezultati ukazuju na to da hidroponi medij O. majorana osigurava veće prinose eteričnog ulja nego staklenik. U stakleniku se prinos ulja značajno povećao dodavanjem 50 % soli dok u uzgoju u uzgojnoj komori nije bilo promjene. U uvjetima u stakleniku i u odsutnosti soli, najvažniji sastojci ulja bili su terpinen-4-ol i trans-sabinen hidrat, dok su u uvjetima uzgojne komore najvažnije hlapljive komponente bile cis-sabinen hidrat i terpinen-4-ol. U prisutnosti NaCl-a, pojavili su se novi sastojci, kao što su eikozan, spatulenol, eugenol i fenol. Dodatno je uz stakleničke uvjete, sa i bez soli, došlo do važne promjene u količini trans-sabinen hidrata u eteričnom ulju, dok se u komorama promijenio sadržaj cis-sabinen hidrata.