Reduction of glucose intolerance with high fat feeding is associated with anti-inflammatory effects of thioredoxin 1 overexpression in mice

• Published in: Pathobiology of aging & age related diseases 2012-01, Vol.2 (1), p.17101
• Main Authors: Salmon, Adam B., Flores, Lisa C., Li, Yan, Van Remmen, Holly, Richardson, Arlan, Ikeno, Yuji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: aging; diabetes; glucose homeostasis; obesity; oxidative stress; Special issue on Inflammation in Aging and Age-related Diseases
• ISSN: 2001-0001; 2001-0001
• DOI: 10.3402/pba.v2i0.17101

Aging is associated with reduced ability to maintain normal glucose homeostasis. It has been suggested that an age-associated increase in chronic pro-inflammatory state could drive this reduction in glucoregulatory function. Thioredoxins (Trx) are oxido-reductase enzymes that play an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we tested whether overexpression of Trx1 in mice [Tg(TRX1) +/0 ] could protect from glucose metabolism dysfunction caused by high fat diet feeding. Body weight and fat mass gains with high fat feeding were similar in Tg(TRX1) +/0 and wild-type mice; however, high fat diet induced glucose intolerance was reduced in Tg(TRX1) +/0 mice relative to wild-type mice. In addition, expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was reduced in adipose tissue of Tg(TRX1) +/0 mice compared to wild-type mice. These findings suggest that activation of thioredoxins may be a potential therapeutic target for maintenance of glucose metabolism with obesity or aging.