Acellular Bone Colonization and Aggregate Culture Conditions Diversely Influence Murine PeriosteumMesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Potential in Long-Term In Vitro Osteoinductive Conditions

Periosteum contains mesenchymal stem cells (Pe-MSCs) that contribute to normal bone growth, healing, and turnover; understanding Pe-MSC capabilities may shed light over the treatment of bone defects using tissue engineering. Bone tissue regeneration needs in vitro bone precursors or stem cell coculr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tissue engineering. Part A 2012-07, Vol.18 (13-14), p.1509-1519
Main Authors: Ferro, F, Spelat, R, D'Aurizio, F, Falini, G, De Pol, I, Pandolfi, M, Beltrami, AP, Cesselli, D, Beltrami, CA, Curcio, F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone growth
Bone healing
Cell culture
Colonization
Crystals
Data processing
Differentiation
Hydroxyapatite
Mesenchyme
Osteoblasts
Osteogenesis
Osteoprogenitor cells
Periosteum
Regeneration
scaffolds
Stem cells
Tissue engineering
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Summary:Periosteum contains mesenchymal stem cells (Pe-MSCs) that contribute to normal bone growth, healing, and turnover; understanding Pe-MSC capabilities may shed light over the treatment of bone defects using tissue engineering. Bone tissue regeneration needs in vitro bone precursors or stem cell coculrure onto specific scaffolds but, despite extensive research in the field, very little is known about the matrix structure of the tissue-engineered tissues and the scaffold's effects on cell differentiation. To this purpose we have selected a clonal population (murine Pe-MSCs) that was seeded and differentiated onto an acellular bone scaffold. Cell differentiation was assessed after 3 months and 1 year by molecular, histological, biochemical, and biophysical analyses and results were compared with the same osteoinduced clonal cells cultured as cellular aggregates. Our data show that Pe-MSCs cultured onto acellular bone scaffold develop a complex three-dimensional matrix and an osteoblastic phenotype but do not produce hydroxyapatite (HA); moreover, they seem able to reabsorb the colonized bone scaffold. On the contrary, cells cultured as three-dimensional aggregates differentiate and produce osteoblastic markers and HA nanocrystals.
ISSN:1937-3341
DOI:10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0411