Blood group phenotypes A and B are risk factors for cerebral malaria in Odisha, India

There is increasing evidence that the ABO blood group phenotypes modulates Plasmodium falciparum rosetting and may influence the clinical manifestation of severe malaria. Whether blood group phenotypes are associated with risk of severe falciparum malaria in Odisha, we analyzed 343 adult malaria pat...

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Published in:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2012-09, Vol.106 (9), p.538-543
Main Authors: Rout, Ronnaly, Dhangadamajhi, Gunanidhi, Ghadei, Milan, Mohapatra, Biranchi N., Kar, Shantanu K., Ranjit, Manoranjan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ABO blood group
ABO Blood-Group System - blood
Adult
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cerebral malaria
Female
General aspects
Human protozoal diseases
Humans
Immunity, Innate
India - epidemiology
Infectious diseases
Malaria
Malaria, Cerebral - blood
Malaria, Cerebral - epidemiology
Male
Medical sciences
Non-cerebral severe malaria
Parasitic diseases
Phenotype
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - immunology
Plasmodium falciparum - pathogenicity
Prevalence
Protozoal diseases
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
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Summary:There is increasing evidence that the ABO blood group phenotypes modulates Plasmodium falciparum rosetting and may influence the clinical manifestation of severe malaria. Whether blood group phenotypes are associated with risk of severe falciparum malaria in Odisha, we analyzed 343 adult malaria patients. The results showed high prevalence of blood group B in both mild (n=110) and severe malaria (cerebral malaria [CM]; n=130 and non-cerebral severe malaria [NCSM]; n=103) categories among the non-O group and while type O is significantly associated with protection against CM, patients with type A and B group had increased risk for developing CM. Further, the strength of association for B group (p=< 0.0001) was high and has double the risk of (OR=5.0) of developing CM compared to blood group A (OR=2.5). Such findings may probably be due to strain specific blood group preferences of P. falciparum and high prevalence of B group. However, the ABO blood group distribution of mild malaria was comparable with that of the NCSM group of patients. The lack of association of ABO phenotypes with NCSM is evidence for the hypothesis that the underlying pathogenesis cascades are different in CM and NCSM clinical presentations.
ISSN:0035-9203
1878-3503
DOI:10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.05.014